Ornamental and Turfgrass Pest Management: Pesticide Applicator Certification: Introduction to Pest Management In Turfgrass and Ornamentals : Chapter 1 with Complete Solutions!

Commercial Pesticide Applicator - ANSWER--over the age of 18 -applies or supervises the application of Restricted use (R-U) Pesticides for other individuals for pay. -must be certifies us applying R-Use pesticides on personal property or employer's property -may use R-Use products only in the categories certifies -Certified Commercial Applicators who sell R-Use Pesticides must also be licenses as a Pesticide Dealer -Commercial applicators must pay an annual fee to the Clemson University Department of Pesticide Regul Integrated Pest Management (IPM) - ANSWER-Combined use of biological, chemical, and cultivation methods in proper sequence and timing to keep the size of a pest population below the size that causes economically unacceptable loss of a crop or livestock animal. Plant Damage Cause - ANSWER-Determine if damage is caused by a pest or by an environmental condition such as freezing or drought. Always determine the exact pest you are dealing with. - Deciding how many pest and how much damage to tolerate is more difficult or ornamentals and turf than with field crops because we are dealing with appearances rather than crop yield or income. IPM would require treatment - ANSWER-On an observed problem instead of applying pesticides on a routine schedule. -Only use pesticides when other options are not effective or not practical -Use smaller amounts and less is safer for the applicator and reduces pesticide resistance. -some pesticides are used to prevent problems. Find the cause of the plant damage - ANSWER--Caused by a pest -Caused by a cultural problem (poor location, too much or little fertilizer) -Caused by an evnironmental problem like freezing or drought. -Remember, different diseases and insects can cause similar symptoms. Most insects and mites are very small: - ANSWER-Use a hand lens (magnifier) of at least 5 power but no stronger than a 10 power. Some landscape plants can indicate the onset of a pest infestation - ANSWER-These are called Indicator Plants. Example Rose Bushes are a good indicator plant that Japanese beetles are becoming a problem Keep records each time you visit a site. - ANSWER-Helps to learn which treatment works best and helps to comply with pesticide regulations. Once the cause of of a problem has been determined: - ANSWER--Consider different control options. -cultural -biological -mechanical -Also consider safety and cost. Biological Control - ANSWER-Used mostly for insects and mite pests. Some work better than others. Types of Drift - ANSWER--Particle Drift -Vapor Drift Particle Drift - ANSWER-Movement of fine particles (droplets or dust) through the air while the pesticide is being applied Vapor Drift - ANSWER-The movement of of pesticide particles in the form of a gas or vapor during or after application. Minimize Drift - ANSWER--Shield non-target plants with a piece of cardborad -Maintain a buffer zone between the treated are and sensitive areas such as ponds, streams, wells and drains. Protection of People, Pets and Places - ANSWER--Remove toys, pet food dishes, birdfeeders and lawn furniture from the site to be treated. -Observe the label Re-entry time if listed. If not, allow products to completely dry before entering. -brush pesticide or fertilizer granules from sidewalks or cement surfaces by sweeping into the grass. Resistance - ANSWER-Occurs when the same pesticide is repeatedly use for the same pest.