Cognitive Neuroscience Chapter 1: History of Cognitive Neuroscience

Cognitive Neuroscience Chapter 1: History of Cognitive Neuroscience Thomas Willis - answerfirst to link specific brain damage to specific behavioral deficits, theorize how the brain transfers information Neuronal conduction - answerWillis began this theory of how the brain transfers infromation Cognitive neuroscience definition - answerdiscipline geared towards understanding how the brain works, who brain structure and function affect behavior and how the brain enables the mind Cignition - answerprocess of knowing, what arises from awareness, perception, and reasoning Neuroscience - answerthe study of how the nervous system is organized and functions Early attempts to understand psychology - answerOedipus Rex, mesopotamian and Egyptian theories on the nature of religion and the universe Limitation of the ancients to discovering the world around us - answerdid not have the systematic means to explore the mind through experimentation Central Issue of Cognitive Neuroscience - answerwhether the mind is enabled by the whole brain working in concert or by specialized parts of the brain working at least partly independently Franz Joseph Gall - answerbrain was the organ of the mind and that innate faculties were localized in specific regions of the cerebral cortex, organized around 35 different functions each supported by a different region of the brain, corpus collasum was a pathway connecting two hemispheres, phrenology Johann Spurzheim - answerif a person used certain parts of the brain more often than others , the part of the brain representing that function would grow and cause a bump on the skull, careful analysis of the skull could reveal much about a person's mind Anatomical personology - answerphrenology, created by Gall, character could be divined through palpating the skull Marie Jean Pierre Flourens - answerfirst to show that certain parts of the brain were responsible for certain functions, could not figure out the areas for advanced abilities such as memory or cognition, believed they were more scattered throughout the brain, the whole brain