TESTBANK For Sociology in Modules 6th ed by schaefer

Sociology in Modules 6 th ed by Schaefer Test Bank Sociology in Modules, (Schaefer) Chapter 01 Understanding Sociology 1) The awareness that allows people to comprehend the link between their immediate, personal social settings and the remote, impersonal social world is called A) the sociological imagination. B) anthropology. C) a theory. D) verstehen. 2) Trying to understand why your roommate prefers a certain genre of music, over others, is an example of using one's A) cultural capital. B) conflict perspective. C) double consciousness. D) sociological imagination. 3) A key element in the sociological imagination is the ability to view one's own society A) from the perspective of personal experience. B) from the perspective of cultural biases. C) as an outsider. D) as an insider. 4) C. Wright Mills advocated the use of the sociological imagination to view divorce in the United States because divorce A) is a serious personal problem for numerous men and women. B) is not just an individual's personal problem but a societal concern. C) may create emotional scars for divorcees. D) has been a serious problem throughout history. 5) The scientific study of social behavior and human groups is known as A) psychology. B) political science. C) anthropology. D) sociology. 6) The body of knowledge obtained using methods based upon systematic observation is called a(n) A) theory. B) verstehen. C) science. D) ideal type. 7) Sociology is considered a science because sociologists A) teach at respected universities. B) engage in organized and systematic study of phenomena to enhance understanding. C) receive government funding for research projects. D) construct middle-range theories to explain social behavior. 8) Sociology, anthropology, economics, and history are fields within the A) natural sciences. B) social sciences. C) medical sciences. D) humanities. 9) Which of the following academic disciplines emphasizes the influence that society has on people's attitudes and behavior and the ways in which people shape society? A) Anthropology B) Economics C) Sociology D) Physics 10) Which social science would be interested in studying individual cases of emotional stress among workers, investors, and business owners? A) History B) Economics C) Sociology D) Psychology 11) A social scientist would be likely to study the A) composition of a meteorite discovered in a remote area of Siberia. B) reasons for the decreasing divorce rate in the U.S. C) newest procedure in heart transplant surgery. D) possibility of life on Mars. 12) Sociologists argue that, unlike scientific knowledge, common sense conclusions are not A) published. B) reliable. C) politically correct. D) easily disseminated. 13) An attempt to explain problems, actions, or behavior in a comprehensive manner is called a(n) A) science. B) typology. C) theory. D) ideal type. 14) In Émile Durkheim's study of suicide, he related suicide rates to A) personal depression. B) personal stress. C) the extent to which people were integrated into the group life of a society. D) climatic conditions such as oppressive heat, heavy rain, and cold winters. 15) Émile Durkheim's explanation of suicide was scientific because he A) developed conclusions based on a systematic examination of data. B) carefully studied the personalities of hundreds of suicide victims. C) worked in a university setting. D) divided suicide into four distinctive categories. 16) Émile Durkheim is known for his classic sociological study of A) suicide. B) abortion. C) soccer. D) crowd control. 17) The discipline of sociology was given its name by the French theorist A) Émile Durkheim. B) Auguste Comte. C) Harriet Martineau. D) Marcel Marceau. 18) Which sociologist translated the works of Auguste Comte into English and emphasized the impact the economy, laws, trade, and population could have on contemporary social problems? A) Émile Durkheim B) Jane Addams C) Harriet Martineau D) Talcott Parsons 19) Which early sociologist applied the concept of evolution to societies in order to explain how they change or evolve over time? A) Émile Durkheim B) Charles Darwin C) Harriet Martineau D) Herbert Spencer 20) Anomie refers to a A) model that serves as a measuring rod against which actual cases can be evaluated. B) loss of direction that is felt in a society when social control of individual behavior has become ineffective. C) classification scheme containing two or more categories. D) type of suicide that is based on depression. 21) The concept of anomie was introduced into sociology by A) Auguste Comte. B) Émile Durkheim. C) Max Weber. D) C. Wright Mills. 22) The word(s) that Max Weber used to stress the need for sociologists to take into account people's emotions, thoughts, beliefs, understandings, and attitudes was A) verstehen. B) cultural capital. C) anomie. D) social capital. 23) A sociologist interviews high-salaried corporate chief executive officers (CEOs) to discover whether they feel stress in their everyday lives as a result of the pressure to produce at an unrealistic level. This sociologist is employing A) alienation. B) anomie. C) verstehen. D) globalization techniques. 24) An ideal type is a(n) A) body of knowledge obtained by methods based on systematic observation. B) construct or model that serves as a measuring rod against which actual cases can be evaluated. C) detailed plan or method for obtaining data scientifically. D) initiator of people's attitudes or behavior. 25) A sociology instructor asks students to make lists of the characteristics of the best and worst possible instructors. These lists, which would be used to evaluate all instructors, would form an example of a(n) A) typology. B) ideal type. C) verstehen. D) hypothesis. 26) In The Communist Manifesto, Marx argued that the working class must A) ally with capitalists to build a better world. B) try to work toward a return to feudalism. C) overthrow the existing class system of capitalist societies. D) ignore all aspects of class divisions. 27) Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels said, "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles…. The have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES, UNITE!" A) bourgeoisie B) proletarians C) Vulcans D) middle classes 28) Marx viewed the relationship between the capitalists and the exploited workers in systemic terms; that is, he believed that a system of relationships maintained the power and dominance of the owners over the workers. A) environmental, economic, and cultural B) social, cultural, and political C) political, environmental, and social D) economic, social, and political 29) In Karl Marx's analysis, society was fundamentally divided between A) separate genders that clash in pursuit of their own interests. B) economic classes that clash in pursuit of their own class interests. C) different races that clash in pursuit of their own interests. D) the religious and the nonreligious who clash in pursuit of their own interests. 30) Which of the following sociologists advocated basic research on the lives of Blacks? A) Robert Merton B) Jane Addams C) W. E. B. DuBois D) C. Wright Mills 31) For W. E. B. DuBois, which of the following was considered essential in combating prejudice and achieving tolerance and justice? A) Mass protests B) Common sense C) Knowledge D) Surveys 32) W. E. B. DuBois saw the importance of religion to society, and he focused on religion at the A) personal level. B) community level. C) state level. D) national level. 33) The division of an individual's identity into two or more social realities is referred to as A) racial fetishism. B) double rejection. C) bipolar racism. D) double consciousness. 34) W. E. B. DuBois developed the concept of A) double consciousness. B) racial fetishism. C) double rejection. D) bipolar racism. 35) In his study of society, Charles Horton Cooley focused on A) class issues. B) divorce. C) intimate, face-to-face groups. D) suicide. 36) Early female sociologists such as Jane Addams were often active in poor urban areas as leaders of community centers known as A) settlement houses. B) communes. C) collective homes. D) utopian communities. 37) Although some of the early sociologists saw themselves as social reformers, by the middle of the 20th century the focus of the discipline of sociology had shifted to A) theorizing and gathering information. B) a de-emphasis on the scientific method. C) applied sociology. D) advocacy of civil rights for minorities. 38) Which sociologist is especially known for making an important contribution to the discipline by successfully combining theory and research? A) C. Wright Mills B) Jane Addams C) Harriet Martineau D) Robert Merton 39) Which of the following would be an example of cultural capital? A) the reciprocal trust inherent in social networks B) knowledge of great American authors C) a close network of extended relatives D) knowledge of Laotian cuisine 40) Networks, which are built on reciprocal trust are referred to as A) cultural capital. B) latent functions. C) manifest functions. D) social capital. 41) Sociological studies that focus on large-scale phenomena or entire civilizations are known as A) microsociology. B) interactionism. C) macrosociology. D) dramaturgy. 42) stresses the study of small groups and often uses experimental study in laboratories. A) Microsociology B) Macrosociology C) Middle-range sociology D) Conflict theory 43) A study of divorce rates among the populations of Canada, England, the U.S., and France, is an example of A) alienation. B) anomie. C) microsociology. D) macrosociology. 44) A sociologist studies drug-use patterns among small groups of college students in a Midwestern college. This would be an example of A) conflict theory. B) functionalism. C) macrosociology. D) microsociology. 45) embraces the study of formal organizations and social movements. A) Global sociology B) Microsociology C) Macrosociology D) Mesosociology 46) Studying the impact of the Dakota Access Pipeline on the environment is an example of A) mesosociology. B) microsociology. C) macrosociology. D) global sociology. 47) The study and comparison of the cultural norms of two nations is a component of A) mesosociology. B) microsociology. C) macrosociology. D) global sociology. 48) The study of international crime rates is an example of A) mesosociology. B) microsociology. C) macrosociology. D) global sociology. 49) Émile Durkheim's cross-cultural study of suicide falls under the category of A) mesosociology. B) microsociology. C) global sociology. D) macrosociology. 50) Which sociologist saw society as a vast network of connected parts, each of which helps to maintain the system as a whole? A) Karl Marx B) Erving Goffman C) Max Weber D) Talcott Parsons 51) Which sociological perspective would view society as a living organism in which each part of the organism contributes to its survival and stability? A) functionalist perspective B) conflict perspective C) interactionist perspective D) global perspective 52) An unconscious or unintended function that may reflect hidden purposes of an institution is referred to as A) manifest. B) conflict. C) dysfunction. D) latent. 53) Which sociological perspective would be most likely to argue that the existence of big-city political machines suggests that these political organizations satisfy certain basic social needs? A) functionalist perspective B) conflict perspective C) interactionist perspective D) global perspective 54) According to the functionalist perspective, an aspect of social life would be passed on from one generation to the next if it A) can be used by one group to subjugate another group. B) enhances impression management. C) promotes value consensus among members of a society. D) is dysfunctional. 55) Which of the following could be a manifest function of colleges? A) They are a place to meet future husbands or wives. B) They sometimes fail to teach students how to read or write effectively. C) They help to maintain the economic status quo in the U.S. D) They prepare students for post-college careers. 56) In examining any aspect of society, which sociological perspective emphasizes the contribution that aspect makes to overall social stability? A) functionalist perspective B) conflict perspective C) interactionist perspective D) global perspective