AP Computer Science A/ Exam Review Questions and answers, rated A+

AP Computer Science A/ Exam Review Questions and answers, rated A+ accessor method - -a method that accesses an object but does not change it actual parameter - the expression supplied for a formal parameter of a method by the caller address - -a location in memory at which a binary number (usually a byte, or value of 8 bits) is stored. The location in memory can itself be identified by a binary number - this number, the absolute or explicit address, gives the absolute location of the address in memory, while a relative address specifies a location memory (some other address only in relation to the current, or base, address. All access to memory is access to to a cell of memory found at a specified address. algorithm - -a well-ordered collection of unambiguous and effectively computable operations that, when executed, produces a result and halts in a finite amount of time [[an unambiguous, executable, and terminating specification of a way to solve a problem argument - -an actual parameter in a method call, or one of the values combined by an operator]] arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) ASCII - -The American Standard Code for Information Exchange - a character-encoding scheme based on the English alphabet used to represent text in computers. It uses 8 bits to represent each character, so it is able to encode a total of 2^8 = 256 different characters. These are assigned the integer values 0 to 255. Only 32 to 126 have been assigned to printable characters. The ASCII has been largely supplanted by UNICODE and the UCS (universal character set), which are backwards compatible with it (commonly encoded using UTF-8, UTF-16, and UTF-32 representing character sets using 8, 16, and 32 bits respectively. UTF-16 can represent 65,536 characters.) binary - -the binary, or the base-2, positional numbering system represents numerical values using only two symbols, 0 and 1 bit - -a contraction of binary digit; the smallest unit of information, having two possible values: 0 and 1. A data element consisting of n bits has 2ⁿ possible boolean - -a data type with two possible value representing true and false. boolean expression - -an expression in a programming language that produces a boolean value when evaluated, i.e., true or false boolean operator - -an operator that can be applied to Boolean values. Java has 3 boolean, or logical, operators: &&, ||, and !.