TCDHA Histology Midterm Exam Questions With Correct Answers

Holocrine Glands - Answer entire cells are discharged as secretion (sebaceous glands) Merocrine glands - Answer secrete product through free surface, no loss of cytoplasm/cell Apocrine Glands - Answer secrete small amounts of cytoplasm/cell with secretory product (mammary glands) unicellular - Answer goblet cells Multicellular - Answer tubular, alveolar/acinus Serous secretion - Answer clear, watery with protein Mucous secretion - Answer cloudy, mucin (glycoproteins) with water Compound tubularv - Answer alveolar merocrine glands intercalated duct - Answer he duct which is attached to an acinus or terminal part of the gland interlobar septa - Answer The connective tissue partitions between lobes are interlobular septa - Answer he connective tissue partitions between lobules Intercalated ducts - Answer hollow tube lined with simple cuboidal epithelium flat cells that do not produce secretion only serve as passageway for saliva Striated ducts - Answer connected to intercalated duct lined with simple columnar epithelium cells which may have basal striation(mitochondria). Serves as passageway for saliva and modifies by resorbing and excreting electrolytes Excretory/Secretory ducts - Answer starts as pseudostratified columnar epithelium and transforms to stratified cuboidal then ends as stratified squamous epithelium, passageway for saliva hypoplasia - Answer pitting of enamel because of poor matrix formation (less than normal amount of enamel Dental fluorosis - Answer mottled enamel, children exposed to more than 2ppm for 1st 8 years. Fluoride interferes with ameloblasts function Abrasion - Answer abnormal wear cause by friction due to excessive tooth brushing or use of abrasive toothpastes. Erosion - Answer tooth structure lost through chemical means such as acid from acid reflux, acidic foods/drinks or vomiting Abfraction - Answer loss of tooth structure (wedge-shaped lesions) at the cervical neck area of teeth from transmission of forces during occlusion and mastication. Caused by compressive and tensile forces during tooth flexure. What is acinus/acini? - Answer refers to any cluster of cells What kind of epithelium surrounds the acinus? - Answer consists of a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells Salivary glands are - Answer Compound tubular-alveolar merocrine glands. exocrine glands - Answer have a duct simple duct - Answer one duct which does not branch compound duct - Answer branching of a duct where the secretory unit empties into small ducts and these join to form larger ones. Unicellular shape of Secretory Unit - Answer Single cell (Goblet) Multicellular shape of Secretory Unit - Answer Tubular, Alveolar/Acinus merocrine glands - Answer secrete product through free surface, no loss of cytoplasm/cell EX: salivary glands, pancreas Apocrine glands - Answer secrete small amounts of cytoplasm/cell with secretory product EX: mammary glands holocrine glands - Answer entire cells are discharged as secretion EX: sebaceous glands intercalated ducts - Answer attached to acinus. passageway for saliva striated ducts - Answer connected to intercalated ducts. cells resorb and excrete electrolytes. excretory/secretory ducts - Answer start as pseudostratified columnar epithelium and changes into stratified caboidal and ends as stratified squamous epithelium. major salivary glands - Answer carry secretion by main duct and secrete 90% of saliva. (parotid,submandibular,sublingual) minor salivary glands - Answer empty their products by short ducts. (labial, buccal, palatine, lingual, von ebner's) The functional unit of the salivary gland is - Answer alveolus or acinus palatine glands - Answer hard and soft palate lingual glands - Answer posterior von ebner's salivary gland - Answer posterior dorsum tongue (circumvallate papillae) how much saliva is produced daily? - Answer 640mls Fordyce granules - Answer visible sebaceous glands that are present in most individuals. They appear on the genitals and/or on the face and in the mouth. mucocele - Answer is a fluid-filled swelling that occurs on the lip or the mouth. Sialolithiasis - Answer condition where a calcified mass or sialolith forms within a salivary gland, usually in the duct of the submandibular gland Xerostomia - Answer dry mouth and dry mouth syndrome, is dryness in the mouth, which may be associated with a change in the composition of saliva, or reduced salivary flow, or have no identifiable cause.