Cosmetology Hawaii License Test Correct Questions & Answers(RATED A)

Removing dirt and debris to aid in preventing the growth of microbes is: - ANSWER sanitation To destroy or kill bacteria and a broad spectrum of viruses on nonporous surfaces, such as implements is referred to as: - ANSWER disinfection A product that can be applied to the skin to reduce microbes is called a(n): - ANSWER antiseptic Viricidals are disinfectants used to kill: - ANSWER viruses The regulating agency under the Department of Labor that enforces safety and health standards in the workplace is: - ANSWER OSHA Key information on a specific product regarding ingredients, associated hazards, combustion levels and storage requirements is provided by: - ANSWER MSDS What information is assigned to a product, along with the approval of the efficacy claims on the label to ensure the product is safe and effective? - ANSWER EPA registration number What types of disinfectants kill bacteria, viruses, fungi and pseudomonas? - ANSWER broad spectrum disinfectants When disinfecting, implements must be thoroughly cleaned before: - ANSWER immersion Which of the following steps should be taken after removing all hair from a brush during a disinfection procedure? - ANSWER wash brush with soap and water Any implements that come in contact with the client during a service must be: - ANSWER discarded or disinfected Dispose of sharp objects such as razor blades in a(n): - ANSWER sealable rigid container Destroying or killing all microbes is: - ANSWER sterilization Dispose of any material coming in contact with blood or body fluids in a: - ANSWER labeled double-bag Tools and instruments used to puncture or invade the skin must be sterilized or designed to be: - ANSWER disposable Bacteriology is the study of: - ANSWER bacteria Bacteria that are harmless and can even be beneficial are called: - ANSWER non-pathogenic Pathogenic bacteria - ANSWER Harmful bacteria that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body. A communicable disease refers to a disease that is: - ANSWER spread from one person to another Rod-shaped bacterial cells are known as: - ANSWER bacilli What bacteria, when viewed through a microscope, would appear to be spiraled, coiled, corkscrew-shaped bacterial cells? - ANSWER spirilla Pus-forming bacterial cells that form grapelike bunches or clusters and are present in abscesses are called: - ANSWER staphylococci Bacterial cells that grow in pairs and are the cause of certain infections such as pneumonia are known as: - ANSWER diplococci Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes the immune system to: - ANSWER break down During which stage of growth does bacteria reproduce and grow rapidly? - ANSWER active stage Organisms that live on or obtain their nutrients from another organism are known as: - ANSWER external parasites Disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the blood or body fluids are known as: - ANSWER blood borne pathogens Which of the following actions would be considered a universal precaution? - ANSWER disinfecting salon equipment Which of the following occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and their toxins to all parts of the body? - ANSWER general infection What type of immunity is provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system? - ANSWER passive immunity When performing first aid for bleeding wounds, what is the next step after bleeding stops? - ANSWER apply bandage Chemical burns should be treated by: - ANSWER rinsing away all traces of chemicals Which of the following steps should be taken FIRST when it is believed a person may be choking? - ANSWER determine if the victim can speak or cough If the skin is not broken following a heat or electrical burn, which of the following actions is recommended to treat the burn area? - ANSWER immerse in cool water Which of the following steps should be taken if a person has fainted? - ANSWER apply a cold compress in the case of a chemical injury to the eye which of the following steps is recommended? - ANSWER flush eyeball with lukewarm water for 15 to 30 minutes If a victim appears to be having an allergic reaction, where could you locate information about product usage? - ANSWER MSDS Which of the following terms defines the art and science of beauty care? - ANSWER cosmetology How many hours of sleep are required for most people to function properly and avoid fatigue? - ANSWER 6 to 8 hours Which of the following activities helps stimulate blood circulation in the body? - ANSWER exercise What percentage of carbohydrates should be included in a diet that follows RDA daily averages? - ANSWER 60% An individual's system for maintaining cleanliness and health is known as: - ANSWER personal hygiene Healthy, glowing skin is equally dependent on: - ANSWER rest, exercise, and good nutrition When applying makeup, contouring with light colors will always have what effect on the face? - ANSWER broadening An overly wide jaw can be visually narrowed by applying: - ANSWER darker contour creme on the outer areas of the jawline Keeping the abdomen flat, the chin level and the head up are key points in having: - ANSWER good posture Eye contact, smiling and posture are all examples of: - ANSWER nonverbal communication The tone or inflection of your voice, level and rate of speech all play a role in: - ANSWER verbal communication Repeating back in your own words what a client just stated is known as: - ANSWER reflective listening How should a salon professional respond to a client insisting on a certain hair color that would not be flattering to their complexion? - ANSWER by tactfully suggesting otherwise The important key to good communication is: - ANSWER listening What topics to avoid with clients - ANSWER controversial topics such as politics, religion or personal problems. An outward reflection of your inner feelings, thoughts, attitudes and values defines your: - ANSWER personality Your own personal system of moral principles and values is known as: - ANSWER personal ethics Proper conduct in relationships with your employer, co-workers and clients is known as: - ANSWER professional ethics Adherence to a professional code of ethics reflects on an individual's: - ANSWER integrity Which area of science involves the study of the organs and systems of the body? - ANSWER anatomy The study of the functions of the organs and systems of the body is known as: - ANSWER physiology What three basic parts of cells are found in all human cells? - ANSWER nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane The control center of cell activities is called the: - ANSWER nucleus Most of the activities or production of the cell take place in the: - ANSWER cytoplasm The process of building up larger molecules from small ones is: - ANSWER anabolism The release of energy within a cell necessary for the performance of specific body functions is caused by: - ANSWER catabolism What is the role of epithelial tissue? - ANSWER Cover and protect body surfaces and internal organs A separate body structure composed of two or more different tissues is a(n): - ANSWER organ Groups of cells of the same kind make up: - ANSWER tissues Which type of tissue supports, protects and holds the body together? - ANSWER connective tissue Organs that eliminate water and waste products are the: - ANSWER kidneys The tissue that contracts, when stimulated, to produce motion is known as: - ANSWER muscular tissue The organ that controls all body functions is the: - ANSWER brain The organ responsible for removing toxic byproducts of digestion is the: - ANSWER liver The point at which two or more bones are joined together is called a: - ANSWER joint Which system has the function of surrounding and protecting internal organs? - ANSWER skeletal system The parietal bones form the: - ANSWER Crown and upper sides of the head The five long, thin bones that form the palm of the hand are the: - ANSWER metacarpals The salon professional is primarily concerned with which type of muscles found in the head, face, neck, hands and arms? - ANSWER voluntary muscles found in the head, face, neck, hands and arms. The muscle that circles the mouth and is responsible for contracting, puckering and wrinkling the lips, as in kissing or whistling is known as: - ANSWER orbicularis oris Muscles affected by massage are generally manipulated from the: - ANSWER insertion attachment to the origin attachment. The coordination of which two muscles enables the body to perform chewing (mastication)? - ANSWER temporalis and masseter The muscle that turns the palm of the hand up is the: - ANSWER supinator Which muscle straightens the fingers and wrist? - ANSWER extensor Cells that fight bacteria and other foreign substances are called leukocytes or: - ANSWER white blood cells Thick-walled vessels that carry pure blood from the heart through the body are: - ANSWER arteries Which artery supplies blood to the lower portion of the face, including the mouth and nose? - ANSWER external maxillary What structure filters out toxic substances, like bacteria, and adds antibodies to the lymph fluid? - ANSWER lymph nodes The brain, spinal cord, spinal and cranial nerves make up the: - ANSWER central nervous system What system is composed of sensory and motor nerves that extend from the spinal cord and brain to other parts of the body? - ANSWER peripheral nervous system The primary motor nerve of the face is the: - ANSWER facial nerve The digestive, respiratory and circulatory systems are controlled by the: - ANSWER autonomic nervous system The system that breaks food down to either be easily absorbed by cells or to become waste products is the: - ANSWER digestive system The primary glands of the integumentary system are the sebaceous glands and the: - ANSWER sudoriferous glands Most of the electricity you use daily consists of a flow of tiny, negatively charged particles called: - ANSWER electrons The movement of electricity along a path called a conductor is a(n): - ANSWER electric current Materials that best transport electricity are called: - ANSWER conductors What does NOT allow a current to pass through it? - ANSWER alcohol A volt is a unit of electric: - ANSWER pressure A measure of how much electric energy is being used is known as a: - ANSWER watt A current in which electrons move at an even rate and flow in only one direction is called: - ANSWER closed current When a blow dryer is on and air begins to flow, you have an example of: - ANSWER open circuit When too many appliances are put on one circuit and are operated all at the same time, more current flows than the line is designed to carry. This is known as: - ANSWER overload Dropping an electrical appliance into water, making it a foreign conductor, causes a(an): - ANSWER short circuit Fires in electrical circuits can occur if: - ANSWER too many appliances use the same wall socket and overload the circuit Which of the following devices breaks the flow of current when an overload occurs? - ANSWER circuit breaker What is the first step when someone comes in contact with an electrical current? - ANSWER knock the person out of the circuit using an insulator such as a broom If a fire results from an circuit overload what should you do? - ANSWER Turn off circuit, smother with rug or heavy towel, use a fire extinguisher. Do Not put water on it Using electric clippers in the salon would be an example of which kind of electrical effect? - ANSWER mechanical electrical effect The application of special currents (or modalities) that have a variety of effects on the skin is called: - ANSWER electrotherapy The direct current used in electrotherapy treatments is: - ANSWER Galvanic The electrode that is negatively charged during an electrotherapy treatment is known as a(n): - ANSWER cathode Which of the following currents has chemical effects that are caused by passing the currents through particular acid or alkaline solutions, then through body tissues and fluids? - ANSWER Galvanic What temporary effect will a negative pole produce when applying Galvanic Current during an electrotherapy treatment? - ANSWER increase in blood flow Which electrotherapy treatment can cause sebum to be broken down or blackheads to be liquefied, as in deep-pore cleansing? - ANSWER desincrustation When using Galvanic Current on clients in a salon, what precaution must a salon professional take in order to prevent injury to the client? - ANSWER do not use over an area having broken capillaries Which of the following uses a negative pole or electrode to force negatively charged solutions into the skin without breaking the skin? - ANSWER anaphoresis During scalp and facial massage, Faradic Current is used chiefly to cause: - ANSWER muscle contractions The more frequently used application of the Faradic Current, in which a salon professional usually wears a wrist band with a moistened electrode, is known as the: - ANSWER indirect method High frequency and alternating current are characteristics of which type of electrotherapy? - ANSWER Tesla Benefits of tesla high frequency - ANSWER Stimulates blood circulation, increases elimination and absorption, increases metabolism, improves germicidal action, relieves congestion Treatment with light rays or waves is called: - ANSWER light therapy If a cream is used during scalp or other high frequency treatments, it is required that cream does not contain any: - ANSWER alcohol The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum humans can see is known as: - ANSWER visible light Which of the following types of light carries the most energy? - ANSWER ultraviolet A salon owner wants to mimic natural sunlight as closely as possible in the salon reception area. Which type of light would most likely be used to accomplish this requirement? - ANSWER incandescent Which of the following is a benefit of using infrared light during a facial? - ANSWER increases circulation Which of the following benefits is derived from UV light? - ANSWER small doses tan the skin When using ultraviolet rays, make sure you and your client wear: - ANSWER protective eyewear The term used to identify anything that occupies space is called: - ANSWER matter Matter with definite weight and volume but no definite shape is called: - ANSWER a liquid Which of the following conditions indicates chemical change? - ANSWER oxygen and hydrogen combining to form water Basic substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are called: - ANSWER elements Neutrons have which type of electrical charge? - ANSWER none Atoms that are the same form a(n): - ANSWER element When two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom, the result is water, which is called a(n): - ANSWER compound Atoms that are different form a(n): - ANSWER compound Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen form the basis of: - ANSWER amino acids What makes up the primary composition of hair? - ANSWER keratin Which bond is the backbone of all protein molecules? - ANSWER peptide Putting a sodium hydroxide relaxer under a hair dryer: - ANSWER could break the critical peptide bonds and destroy the protein structure When amino acids combine to form the protein of the hair: - ANSWER they take on a spiraling configuration What is the side bond that is of the greatest concern to the salon professional? - ANSWER disulfide bond Which of the following statements describes how human hair is formed? - ANSWER bonding of protein chains to other protein chains Substances of acidic or alkaline nature dissolve in water and/or contain: - ANSWER water A solution that has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ions is: - ANSWER acidic A pH of 5 is how many more times acidic than a pH of 6? - ANSWER 10 What is the pH scale used for? - ANSWER pH is a unit of measurement that indicates whether a substance is acidic, neutral or alkaline When a solution has an equal number of hydrogen and hydroxide ions, the solution is considered: - ANSWER neutral On the pH scale, numbers less than 7 indicate a(n): - ANSWER acidic solution On the pH scale, numbers greater than 7 indicate a(n): - ANSWER alkaline solution Distilled water with a pH of 7 is considered: - ANSWER neutral In what pH range is skin and hair? - ANSWER 4.5 to 5.5 A mixture of two or more kinds of molecules, evenly dispersed would be a(n): - ANSWER solution Mixtures of two or more kinds of molecules, having a tendency to separate when left standing are known as: - ANSWER suspensions Which of the following cosmetic classifications requires sifting until free of coarse gritty particles? - ANSWER powder Which of the following terms means liquids not able to be mixed? - ANSWER immiscible What are surfactants used for? - ANSWER contain a lipophilic and a hydrophilic part and are used to remove oil from the hair. The oil-loving part of a surface active agent is called: - ANSWER lipophilic Which of the following shampoo types is formulated to have the same pH as the hair and skin? - ANSWER acid-balanced shampoo Why is chlorine added to the water purification process? - ANSWER to kill bacteria Which of the following statements correctly describes soapless shampoos? - ANSWER are able to lather without harsh alkaline ingredients The ability of hair to absorb moisture, liquids or chemicals refers to the hair's: - ANSWER porosity How far can healthy hair be stretched without breaking when wet? - ANSWER 50% Rinses, which affect mostly the surface of the hair: - ANSWER can be detrimental if allowed to build up on the hair Which conditioner will penetrate into the damaged hair shaft and deposit proteins into the cortex? - ANSWER body-building conditioner What occurs when processing lotion is applied during a perm? - ANSWER protein structure is softened, disulfide bonds are broken and protein chains assume the shape of the perm tool The main ingredients found in most neutralizers are: - ANSWER hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate or sodium bromate The main chemical ingredient found in alkaline waves is: - ANSWER thioglycolic acid What occurs during oxidation? - ANSWER a substance loses an electron and oxygen is acquired The color molecules in permanent hair color enter the hair with the aid of: - ANSWER an alkaline substance Which of the following color categories uses a low volume peroxide to develop the color molecules? - ANSWER long lasting semi-permanent color If a product label lists the following ingredients: water, cetyl alcohol, tocopherol and panthenol, which ingredient would be found to have the largest amount? - ANSWER water When looking through a microscope, which portion of the hair would display living cells? - ANSWER hair bulb Hair grows from a tube-like "pocket" called a root sheath or a(n): - ANSWER follicle The follicle in straight or wavy hair is typically: - ANSWER round or oval Located at the bottom of the follicle and supplying nourishment to the germinal matrix is the: - ANSWER papilla The outer covering of the hair shaft made up of overlapping layers of transparent scales is called the: - ANSWER cuticle The layer of hair consisting of unique protein structures that give the hair most of its pigment and strength (elasticity) is called the: - ANSWER cortex Hair that has been pulled out from the roots will grow back under which of the following circumstances? - ANSWER the papilla has not been destroyed What helps prevent the hair and skin from becoming too dry? - ANSWER sebum What is formed when sebum produced by the oil glands mixes with the body's perspiration? - ANSWER acid mantle The muscle that causes the hair to stand on end when a person is scared or cold is known as the: - ANSWER arrector pili The hair follicle that produces tightly curled hair is typically: - ANSWER elliptical Which of the following terms is known as the active growing stage of hair? - ANSWER anagen stage Catagen, a brief transitional stage, lasts for what amount of time? - ANSWER only a few weeks The resting stage of hair growth when the hair bulb has no attached root sheath is referred to as the: - ANSWER telogen stage The lips, soles of the feet, palms of the hands and eyelids do not have - ANSWER hair Hair that is 90% cortex and 10% cuticle when compared to hair that is 60% cortex and 40% cuticle would be considered to be more: - ANSWER elastic What is the total lack of pigmentation in the hair and skin called? - ANSWER albinism Gray hair is caused by a(n): - ANSWER reduced color pigment, melanin, in the cortex layer of the hair. Eumelanin is the type of melanin that produces - ANSWER brown/black hair color People with lighter colored hair have melanin in the: - ANSWER cortex only The number of active hair follicles per square inch on the scalp refers to: - ANSWER density The ability of the hair to absorb moisture, liquids or chemicals is known as: - ANSWER porosity If the layers of the cuticle are very close together the hair has which type of porosity? - ANSWER resistant Which of the following refers to the ability of hair to stretch and return to its original shape without breaking? - ANSWER elasticity Small cracks starting in the cuticle and splitting the hair entirely are known as brittle hair, fragilitis crinium or: - ANSWER trichoptilosis Fragilitis crinium is the technical name for: - ANSWER split ends Lumps or swelling along the hair shaft is known as trichorrhexis nodosa or: - ANSWER knotted hair A condition in which beads or nodes form on the hair shaft is called: - ANSWER monilethrix Excessive matting of the hair is referred to as: - ANSWER Plica polonica The loss of pigment in the hair as a person ages is called: - ANSWER acquired canities A disorder that refers to a chronic scalp condition with excessive flaking, which accumulates on the scalp or falls to the shoulders, is known as dandruff or: - ANSWER pityriasis A disorder that refers to thick, crusty patches of red irritated scalp is known as: - ANSWER psoriasis The medical term for greasy or waxy dandruff is: - ANSWER Pityriasis steatoides An infestation of head lice on the scalp is called: - ANSWER pediculosis capitis How should a salon professional handle a situation when areas of enlarged open follicles surrounded by clusters of red spots, indicating tinea capitis are observed? - ANSWER refer the client to a physician What scalp disease might be present if prior to a service several dry, yellow, encrusted areas on the scalp are noticed along with a peculiar odor? - ANSWER tinea favosa Short, fine, non-pigmented hair that covers most of the body is called: - ANSWER vellus What is the average amount of daily hair loss? - ANSWER 40 to 100 strands In men, male pattern baldness takes the shape of: - ANSWER horseshoe-shaped fringe Traction alopecia can be caused by: - ANSWER tight cornrows Shampoo draping - ANSWER performed prior to hair care service, used to protect the client's skin and clothing. Cape and towel Chemical draping - ANSWER towel, chemical cape, towel The type of capes used for shampooing, wet hair sculpting and designing, and chemical services are made of plastic or: - ANSWER waterproof material For dry, brittle hair what type of shampoo would be recommended? - ANSWER acid balanced When brushing the client's hair you should begin: - ANSWER from the ends first, then toward the scalp Which type of water is generally preferred for shampooing? - ANSWER soft water Before applying the water stream to a client's scalp when shampooing, always: - ANSWER monitor the water temperature Which of the following types of hair tends to tangle easier than normal hair? - ANSWER chemically treated hair What massage movement involves light or heavy kneading and rolling of the muscles? - ANSWER petrissage Which massage manipulation involves light, gliding strokes and is often used to begin and/or end a treatment? - ANSWER effleurage Which massage manipulation consists of a light tapping or slapping movement and is used to promote muscle contraction? - ANSWER tapotement A highly stimulating, shaking movement describes which massage movement? - ANSWER vibration Frequent use of cream rinses and conditioners can result in product build-up that can leave the hair: - ANSWER dull and lifeless What type of rinse is used after a color service to prevent the color from fading? - ANSWER acid-balanced