BioChem C785 Study Guide PA 2024

BioChem C785 Study Guide PA 2024 Complementary DNA and/or RNA molecules pair with each other by hydrogen bonding during replication, transcription, or translation. Which of the following pairs of molecules are complementary? (Select all that apply) - Answer ️️ -tRNA and mRNA mRNA and template DNA During DNA replication the parent strands ______ and DNA polymerase______. - Answer ️️ - separate, creates the new DNA strands The following sequence is one strand of the DNA that makes up the SNCA gene that codes for alpha-synuclein, a protein found in the brain. 5' ATGCGGTGACGG 3' Which of the following is the complementary second DNA strand? - Answer ️️ -5' CCGTCACCGCAT 3' Assume you start with one copy of target DNA. How many copies of DNA will be made after 4 rounds of PCR (assume 100% reaction efficiency)? - Answer ️️ -16 What are the necessary ingredients for a PCR reaction? - Answer ️️ -dNTPs; thermostable DNA polymerase; DNA primers; double-stranded DNA A frameshift mutation changed this sequence 5' AAC GCT TAG 3' to which of the following? - Answer ️️ -3' GAT TCG CA 5' Which choice represents a silent mutation for this sequence: 5' GGU UGC ACU 3'? - Answer ️️ -5' GGU UGC ACA 3' Beta thalassemia is a disease that causes low levels of hemoglobin. To inherit this autosomal disease, an individual must receive two mutant alleles. Which of the following likely represents the chromosome pairs of a healthy parent who has a child with beta thalassemia? (The yellow band represents the mutant allele and the green band represents the normal allele.) * - Answer ️️ -Option 3- The chromosomes of a healthy parent who has a child with beta thalassemia must be a carrier of the disease, i.e. the parent must have one copy of the (dominant) normal allele and one copy of the (recessive) mutant allele. Your black dog and your friend's white dog have puppies. If inheritance of coat color is co- dominant, the coat color of the puppies will be ________________, the color will be _______________ if incompletely dominant, and it will be _______________ if it is complete dominant - Answer ️️ -Black-and-white spotted, gray, black Freidreich's ataxia is an autosomal recessive disorder that results from multiple GAA insertions into the FXN gene. Which of the following best illustrates the inheritance pattern of Freidreich's ataxia in a family with the disease? - Answer ️️ -None of these pedigrees are consistent with an autosomal recessive pattern. The pedigree chart for Option 3 shows evidence of carriers, and both males and females have Friedrich's ataxia in this chart. These properties of the chart indicate that it is for an autosomal recessive disease. Increased IGF2 expression is associated with many types of cancer. Studies have shown that when mothers take folic acid before conception, children have increased methylation of this gene. Which of the following is the best explanation for how this increased methylation could be beneficial? - Answer ️️ -The increased methylation decreases the space between nucleosomes, decreasing the expression of the IGF2 gene