(5) AORN PeriOp 101 Exam Qs&As

(5) AORN PeriOp 101 Exam Qs&As Perioperative Assessment; Perioperative Safety: Patient Focus; Preoperative Skin Antisepsis; Positioning; Transmissible Infection Prevention Which of the 3 elements required for an infection to occur is related to inanimate environmental surfaces? - Answer-source or reservoir Elements required for an infection - Answer-method of transmission susceptible host source or reservoir Measles, Chickenpox, Shingles, Pulmonary TB - Answer-Airborne precautions hand hygiene single-patient room placement N-95 or higher respirator for aerosol-generating procedures surgical mask on patient during transport - Answer-Droplet precautions hand hygiene AIIR placement N-95 or higher respirator for patient interactions surgical mask on patient during transport - Answer-Airborne precautions hand hygiene single-patient room placement when possible PPE = glove & gown strict adherence to environmental cleaning - Answer-Contact precautions Which factors determine the likelihood of transmission and persistence of multi-drug resistant organisms? - Answer-effectiveness of prevention methods numbers of colonized patients w/resistant strain INcreased antimicrobial use organism's persistence adherence to prevention methods Procedure does not involve the respiratory, alimentary, or genitourinary tract and no infection or inflammation is present - Answer-Class I - Clean Respiratory, alimentary, or genitourinary tract is entered under controlled conditions - Answer-Class II - Clean-contaminated Gross spillage from GI tract occurs or unsterile instruments are used - Answer-Class III - Contaminated A clinical infection exists or an internal organ perforation is present - Answer-Class IV - Dirty, infected touching, skin to skin, kissing, sexual intercourse - Answer-direct contact precaution transmission with contaminated objects such as phones, keyboards, food (oral/fecal route), contaminated water, used sharps injuries, vectors such as mosquitoes, flies, ticks, mites, rodents, or animals - Answer- indirect contact precaution most common multi-drug resistant organisms (MDROs) - Answer-Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) The risk of pathogen transmission to patients and healthcare personnel may be decreased by practicing _____ and _____ precautions and decreasing environmental contaminates by _____. - Answer-standard transmission-based observing cleaning protocols PPE is selected based on _____ and _____. - Answer-mode of transmission (contact, droplet, airborne) patient interaction 3 most discussed bloodborne pathogens - Answer-HBV HCV HIV Two principle elements of the OSHA BBP Standard that focuses on the protection of healthcare workers are _____ and _____. - Answer-engineering controls work practice controls isolate or remove exposure risks to bloodborne pathogen hazards. - Answer-engineering controls reduce the possibility of exposure by changing how a task is performed. - Answer-work practice controls hierarchy of controls = hazard elimination - Answer-most effective hierarchy of controls = PPE - Answer-least effective If exposure to a BBP occurs, wash area with soap & water and/or flush the mucous membranes _____. - Answer-immediately _____ of a BBP exposure event is obligatory. - A CONTINUES....