, Chapter 1
COURTS, CRIME AND CONTROVERSY
TEST BANK
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The most influential actor in the courthouse is the:
a. judge c. clerk of court
b. defense attorney d. prosecutor
ANS: D REF: 11 OBJ: 3
2. A trial by a judge without a jury is called a:
a. summary trial c. bench trial
b. bar trial d. trial de novo
ANS: C REF: 14 OBJ: 4
3. The operation of two separate and distinct court systems in the United States is referred to as:
a. a dual court system c. separate but equal
b. checks and balances d. judicial federalism
ANS: A REF: 8 OBJ: 2
4. Coercive police practices are a violation of this essential element of due process.
a. equal protection c. self-incrimination
b. the third degree d. fundamental fairness
ANS: D REF: 17 OBJ: 1, 6
5. The key goal of the crime control model is:
a. repression of criminal conduct c. the rights of victims
b. the rights of defendants d. the integrity of the courts
ANS: A REF: 19 OBJ: 6
6. The three main components of the American Criminal Justice system are:
a. federal, state and local
b. judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys
c. police, courts, and corrections
d. probation, prison, and parole
1
,ANS: C REF: 7 OBJ: 1
7. Which of the following is not true of “law in action”?
a. Focus on human factors governing application of law
b. Stresses the importance of discretion
c. Strict enforcement of laws and adherence to procedures
d. Prosecutors use discovery to encourage guilty pleas
ANS: C REF: 17 OBJ: 5
8. Which is true of “the law in action”?
a. Most defendants have hired private defense counsel
b. Most defendants take their case to trial
c. Most defendants agree to a guilty plea
d. Judges make sentencing decisions with almost complete autonomy
ANS: C REF: 18 OBJ: 5
9. The institutions of criminal justice in America are a system in the sense that:
a. they communicate, cooperate, and coordinate very efficiently
b. what happens in one agency or component affects other agencies and components
c. there is centralized control of all agencies within a state or the federal system
d. the U.S. Supreme Court closely controls all agencies and components
ANS: B REF: 6 OBJ: 1
10. Criminal justice in America can be described as a fragmented non-system due in part to:
a. cases flow in a regular pattern through the system
b. a unified court system
c. there is centralized control
d. the decentralized nature of American government that distributes power
between national and state governments
ANS: D REF: 8 OBJ: 1
11. The federal district courts are the federal ____________________ courts.
a. bankruptcy c. trial
b. appellate d. courts of last resort
ANS: C REF: 9 OBJ: 2
12. In the aftermath of the attacks of September 11, 2001 courts have wrestled with the issue of:
2
, a. the extension of the use of electronic eavesdropping by police
b. the use of informants in suspected terrorism cases
c. warrantless stop and frisks
d. the use of scientific evidence in criminal trials
ANS: A REF: 5 OBJ: 1
13. In the U.S. today, there are around _____ million people under some form of correctional
confinement or supervision.
a. 2.8 c. 7.3
b. 6.2 d. 15
ANS: C REF: 6 OBJ: 1
14. In terms of national policy, the most important court in the country is the:
a. U.S. District Court c. U.S. Supreme Court
b. U.S. Appellate Court d. U.S. Criminal Court
ANS: C REF: 9-10 OBJ: 2
15. Which of the following is the federal court of last resort in the United States?
a. U.S. District Court c. U.S. Supreme Court
b. U.S. Court of Criminal Appeals d. U.S. Magistrate Court
ANS: C REF: 9 OBJ: 2
16. Courts can be classified according to their function (rather than jurisdiction) into:
a. local, state, and federal courts c. national and multinational courts
b. substantive and procedural d. trial and appellate courts
ANS: D REF: 8-9 OBJ: 2
17. In contrast to federal judges, most state judges are:
a. appointed by the governor c. appointed by the state supreme court
b. appointed by the state legislature d. elected
ANS: D REF: 11 OBJ: 3
18. After booking, arrestees will be brought before a judge and advised of their rights, the
charges against them, and given a chance to make bail at the:
3
COURTS, CRIME AND CONTROVERSY
TEST BANK
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The most influential actor in the courthouse is the:
a. judge c. clerk of court
b. defense attorney d. prosecutor
ANS: D REF: 11 OBJ: 3
2. A trial by a judge without a jury is called a:
a. summary trial c. bench trial
b. bar trial d. trial de novo
ANS: C REF: 14 OBJ: 4
3. The operation of two separate and distinct court systems in the United States is referred to as:
a. a dual court system c. separate but equal
b. checks and balances d. judicial federalism
ANS: A REF: 8 OBJ: 2
4. Coercive police practices are a violation of this essential element of due process.
a. equal protection c. self-incrimination
b. the third degree d. fundamental fairness
ANS: D REF: 17 OBJ: 1, 6
5. The key goal of the crime control model is:
a. repression of criminal conduct c. the rights of victims
b. the rights of defendants d. the integrity of the courts
ANS: A REF: 19 OBJ: 6
6. The three main components of the American Criminal Justice system are:
a. federal, state and local
b. judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys
c. police, courts, and corrections
d. probation, prison, and parole
1
,ANS: C REF: 7 OBJ: 1
7. Which of the following is not true of “law in action”?
a. Focus on human factors governing application of law
b. Stresses the importance of discretion
c. Strict enforcement of laws and adherence to procedures
d. Prosecutors use discovery to encourage guilty pleas
ANS: C REF: 17 OBJ: 5
8. Which is true of “the law in action”?
a. Most defendants have hired private defense counsel
b. Most defendants take their case to trial
c. Most defendants agree to a guilty plea
d. Judges make sentencing decisions with almost complete autonomy
ANS: C REF: 18 OBJ: 5
9. The institutions of criminal justice in America are a system in the sense that:
a. they communicate, cooperate, and coordinate very efficiently
b. what happens in one agency or component affects other agencies and components
c. there is centralized control of all agencies within a state or the federal system
d. the U.S. Supreme Court closely controls all agencies and components
ANS: B REF: 6 OBJ: 1
10. Criminal justice in America can be described as a fragmented non-system due in part to:
a. cases flow in a regular pattern through the system
b. a unified court system
c. there is centralized control
d. the decentralized nature of American government that distributes power
between national and state governments
ANS: D REF: 8 OBJ: 1
11. The federal district courts are the federal ____________________ courts.
a. bankruptcy c. trial
b. appellate d. courts of last resort
ANS: C REF: 9 OBJ: 2
12. In the aftermath of the attacks of September 11, 2001 courts have wrestled with the issue of:
2
, a. the extension of the use of electronic eavesdropping by police
b. the use of informants in suspected terrorism cases
c. warrantless stop and frisks
d. the use of scientific evidence in criminal trials
ANS: A REF: 5 OBJ: 1
13. In the U.S. today, there are around _____ million people under some form of correctional
confinement or supervision.
a. 2.8 c. 7.3
b. 6.2 d. 15
ANS: C REF: 6 OBJ: 1
14. In terms of national policy, the most important court in the country is the:
a. U.S. District Court c. U.S. Supreme Court
b. U.S. Appellate Court d. U.S. Criminal Court
ANS: C REF: 9-10 OBJ: 2
15. Which of the following is the federal court of last resort in the United States?
a. U.S. District Court c. U.S. Supreme Court
b. U.S. Court of Criminal Appeals d. U.S. Magistrate Court
ANS: C REF: 9 OBJ: 2
16. Courts can be classified according to their function (rather than jurisdiction) into:
a. local, state, and federal courts c. national and multinational courts
b. substantive and procedural d. trial and appellate courts
ANS: D REF: 8-9 OBJ: 2
17. In contrast to federal judges, most state judges are:
a. appointed by the governor c. appointed by the state supreme court
b. appointed by the state legislature d. elected
ANS: D REF: 11 OBJ: 3
18. After booking, arrestees will be brought before a judge and advised of their rights, the
charges against them, and given a chance to make bail at the:
3
