UWORLD Biostats USMLE Step 2 CK with complete solution

UWORLD Biostats USMLE Step 2 CK with complete solution The main measure of association in case-control study design in which the exposure of people with the disease (cases) is compared to the exposure of those without the disease (controls). - answerExposure odds ratio __ or external validity pertains to the applicability of study results to other populations (the results of a study in middle-aged woman would not be expected to be applicable to elderly men). - answerGeneralizability The __ hypothesis is always the statement of no relationship between the exposure and the outcome. - answerNull In case-control study, is the outcome is uncommon in the population, the __ is a close approximation of the relative risk. "rare disease assumption" - answerOdds ratio - when disease is rare, disease incidence typically low, the odds ratio OR approximates the relative risk RR Correlation coefficient -1.0 and +1.0 - answerr = + means increase one variable means increase in other r = - means increase in one means decrease in the other r = 0 means no correlation Distribution curves sensitive and specificity compare TN and TP. - answer Standard deviation of normal distribution - answer∂ = standard deviation 68% of all values w/in 1 SD from mean