Pharmacology HESI study guide WITH 100+
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWER WITH
NGN GRADED A
The nurse reviews the new prescription, phenelzine (Nardil), a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), for
a client with depression on the psychiatric unit. Which information is most important for the nurse to
assess?
-Reports of nausea or vomiting.
-Consumption of any alcohol or tyramine-rich foods.
-Therapeutic serum drug levels.
-Blood pressure and pulse prior to taking each dose. - ANSWER>>Consumption of any alcohol or
tyramine-rich foods.
The nurse is administering haloperidol 0.5 mg IM PRN to a client for the first time. What side effects
should the nurse assess the client for during the initial dose?
-Somatization.
-Akathisia.
-Dystonia.
-Bradykinesia. - ANSWER>>Dystonia.
While reviewing the client's electronic medical record (EMR), the nurse assesses a client who is at risk for
a possible interaction with an over-the-counter (OTC) decongestant. Which client health history should
the nurse report to the healthcare provider concerning the OTC medication? (Select all that apply.)
-Type I diabetes mellitus (DM).
-Chronic hypertension.
-Closed angle glaucoma.
,-Crohn's disease.
-Rheumatoid arthritis. - ANSWER>>Closed angle glaucoma.
Chronic hypertension.
A client prescribed ipratropium reports nausea, blurred vision, headaches, and insomnia after using the
inhaler. Which action should the nurse implement first?
-Give PRN medication for nausea and vomiting and evaluate client in 30 minutes.
-Delay administration of ipratropium until next maintenance medication is scheduled.
-Withhold medication and report symptoms and vital signs to healthcare provider.
-Reassure client that the ipratropium given will alleviate the symptoms. - ANSWER>>Withhold
medication and report symptoms and vital signs to healthcare provider.
A client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is experiencing profound weakness, blurry vision, and shooting
pains in both legs. Which medication is considered the best course of treatment for the nurse to
administer?
-Baclofen three times a day.
-High dose methylprednisolone intravenously.
-Immunomodulatory drug therapy periodically.
-Broad spectrum antibiotic coverage orally. - ANSWER>>High dose methylprednisolone intravenously.
The nurse administers 30 mL of lactulose for a client with stage 2 hepatic encephalopathy. Which
assessment finding would indicate the medication is being therapeuitc?
-An increase in glucose absorption.
-A suppression of gut acidification.
-A softening in the stools.
-A decrease in blood ammonia levels. - ANSWER>>A decrease in blood ammonia levels.
, The nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes about neutral protamine
Hagedor (NPH) insulin. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of how the medication
works?
-It delays the carbohydrate digestion and absorption.
-It increases the intracellular receptor site sensitivity.
-It stimulates the function of beta cells in the pancreas.
-It facilitates the transport of glucose into the cells. - ANSWER>>It facilitates the transport of glucose into
the cells.
The nurse should withhold which medication if a client reports nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea?
-Erythromycin (E-Mycin).
-Colchicine (Mitigare, Colcrys).
-Labetolol (Normodyne).
-Naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn). - ANSWER>>Colchicine (Mitigare, Colcrys).
A client newly prescribed esomeprazole for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) asks the nurse how
the medication will help. Which is the best explanation to provide the client?
-It will promote rapid tissue healing.
-It will improve esophageal peristalsis.
-It will increase gastric emptying.
-It will neutralize gastric secretions. - ANSWER>>It will promote rapid tissue healing.
A nurse is providing medication education for a client prescribed a beta-blocking agents for treatment of
glaucoma. Which statement by the client demonstrates an understanding of the mechanism of the
medication?
-It inhibits the aqueous humor production.
-It enhances the aqueous humor outflow.
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWER WITH
NGN GRADED A
The nurse reviews the new prescription, phenelzine (Nardil), a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), for
a client with depression on the psychiatric unit. Which information is most important for the nurse to
assess?
-Reports of nausea or vomiting.
-Consumption of any alcohol or tyramine-rich foods.
-Therapeutic serum drug levels.
-Blood pressure and pulse prior to taking each dose. - ANSWER>>Consumption of any alcohol or
tyramine-rich foods.
The nurse is administering haloperidol 0.5 mg IM PRN to a client for the first time. What side effects
should the nurse assess the client for during the initial dose?
-Somatization.
-Akathisia.
-Dystonia.
-Bradykinesia. - ANSWER>>Dystonia.
While reviewing the client's electronic medical record (EMR), the nurse assesses a client who is at risk for
a possible interaction with an over-the-counter (OTC) decongestant. Which client health history should
the nurse report to the healthcare provider concerning the OTC medication? (Select all that apply.)
-Type I diabetes mellitus (DM).
-Chronic hypertension.
-Closed angle glaucoma.
,-Crohn's disease.
-Rheumatoid arthritis. - ANSWER>>Closed angle glaucoma.
Chronic hypertension.
A client prescribed ipratropium reports nausea, blurred vision, headaches, and insomnia after using the
inhaler. Which action should the nurse implement first?
-Give PRN medication for nausea and vomiting and evaluate client in 30 minutes.
-Delay administration of ipratropium until next maintenance medication is scheduled.
-Withhold medication and report symptoms and vital signs to healthcare provider.
-Reassure client that the ipratropium given will alleviate the symptoms. - ANSWER>>Withhold
medication and report symptoms and vital signs to healthcare provider.
A client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is experiencing profound weakness, blurry vision, and shooting
pains in both legs. Which medication is considered the best course of treatment for the nurse to
administer?
-Baclofen three times a day.
-High dose methylprednisolone intravenously.
-Immunomodulatory drug therapy periodically.
-Broad spectrum antibiotic coverage orally. - ANSWER>>High dose methylprednisolone intravenously.
The nurse administers 30 mL of lactulose for a client with stage 2 hepatic encephalopathy. Which
assessment finding would indicate the medication is being therapeuitc?
-An increase in glucose absorption.
-A suppression of gut acidification.
-A softening in the stools.
-A decrease in blood ammonia levels. - ANSWER>>A decrease in blood ammonia levels.
, The nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes about neutral protamine
Hagedor (NPH) insulin. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of how the medication
works?
-It delays the carbohydrate digestion and absorption.
-It increases the intracellular receptor site sensitivity.
-It stimulates the function of beta cells in the pancreas.
-It facilitates the transport of glucose into the cells. - ANSWER>>It facilitates the transport of glucose into
the cells.
The nurse should withhold which medication if a client reports nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea?
-Erythromycin (E-Mycin).
-Colchicine (Mitigare, Colcrys).
-Labetolol (Normodyne).
-Naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn). - ANSWER>>Colchicine (Mitigare, Colcrys).
A client newly prescribed esomeprazole for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) asks the nurse how
the medication will help. Which is the best explanation to provide the client?
-It will promote rapid tissue healing.
-It will improve esophageal peristalsis.
-It will increase gastric emptying.
-It will neutralize gastric secretions. - ANSWER>>It will promote rapid tissue healing.
A nurse is providing medication education for a client prescribed a beta-blocking agents for treatment of
glaucoma. Which statement by the client demonstrates an understanding of the mechanism of the
medication?
-It inhibits the aqueous humor production.
-It enhances the aqueous humor outflow.
