Professional Nursing Exam II Questions With Correct Answers

What is research - Answer systematic inquiry that uses disciplined methods to answer questions and solve problems Nursing Research - Answer systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy evidence about issues of importance to nurses and their clients Triple Aim - Answer Improve Health Lower Costs Better Care Source of Evidence - Answer Tradition Authority Clinical Experience Logical Reasoning Assembled Information Scientific Method/Disciplined research National Institute of Nursing Research - MISSION - Answer Supports clinical and basic research to establish a scientific basis for the care of individuals across the life span. Paradigm - Answer A world view; a general perspective on the complexities of the real world, with certain assumptions about reality Positivist assumption - Answer Reality exists. There is a real world driven by natural causes. Constructivist Assumption - Answer Reality is multiple and subjective, constructed by individuals Research Method - Answer the technique used to structure a study and to gather, analyze and interpret information Quantitative Research - Answer Most often allied with positivist tradition Primary Numerical. Directed at description. Cause and effect Qualitative Research - Answer most often allied with the constructivist tradition. Constructivist. Primary word based. Holistic. Mixed Methods - Answer Uses a little bit of both Purposes of Research - Answer identification and description. exploration. explanation. prediction and control. descriptive research - Answer identify the nature and attributes of a nursing phenomena and sometimes the relationships among these phenomena Explanatory Research - Answer Provides a basis for conducting studies for the purposes of predicting and controlling patient outcomes Relationships among variables are clarified Predictive Research - Answer Estimate the probability of a specific outcome in a given situation Control - Answer Manipulate the situation to produce the desired outcome Basic Research (Pure Research) - Answer Pursuit of knowledge for knowledge sake Applied Research - Answer An investigation that seeks to find solutions to practical problems. Role of Nurses in Research - Answer Continuum of participation, from producers of research to skilled consumers of research findings who use research evidence in their practice Evidence Bases Practice - Answer The use of the best available evidence in making patient care decisions, and such evidence typically comes from research conducted by nurses and other health care professionals" Research Utilization - Answer involves critical analysis and evaluation of research findings and then determining how these findings fit into clinical practice. Quality Improvement - Answer focuses on systems , processes, satisfaction, and cost outcomes, usually within a specific organization. PICOT - Answer Population Intervention Comparison Outcome Time What is PICOT - Answer Acronym to help nurses researcher remember the essentials components when developing clinical research questions. Clinical Research Questions - Answer - Aim to address a patient or population's physical, psychological, social, or financial problem; May also address risk reduction - ANSWERABLE by analyzing extant evidence PICOT abbreviation - Answer P- The Population of Interest; Problem I - The Interventions that you're curious about C - The Comparison O - The outcome of the intervention T - Timeframe T/F - Clinical Research became increasingly important in the 1960s. - Answer False - Not until 1980s T/F - Application of the positivist paradigm involves viewing reality as being driven by natural causes. - Answer True - T/F - Quantitative research is allied with the constructivist tradition. - Answer False T/F Quantitative research attempts to identify a phenomenon. - Answer False Which of the following would be the first step when personally investigating evidence for a specific nursing care problem? - Answer Asking answerable clinical questions. Which statement best describes qualitative research? SATA - Studies are conducted in natural setting. - Data are collected from a large number of subjects. - Data collected tend to be numeric - The research design is systematic and subjective.- - Answer - Studies are conducted in natural setting. In caring for patients, it is important for the nurse to realize that evidence-base practice is - Answer Dependent on patient values and expectations A nurse wonders if patients who have abdominal surgery and who rock in a rocking chair have a reduced incidence of post operative paralytic ileus during hospitalization when compared with patients who receive standard nursing care following surgery?• Dissect this statement into a PICOT Question? - Answer • P = patients who have abdominal surgery • I = rock in a rocking chair • C = standard nursing care • O = reduced incidence of post operative paralytic ileus • T = during hospitalization Which of the following responses best identifies the population being studied in the following research question? "Do patients who use guided imagery during chemotherapy experience less nausea and vomiting than patients who practice relaxation techniques?" - A. Cancer patients - B. Patients who use guided imagery - C. Patients with nausea and vomiting - D. Chemotherapy patients - Answer - D. Chemotherapy patients Steps for Evidence Based Practice - Answer 1. Ask Question 2. Search for Evidence 3. Appraise 4. Synthesize 5. Adapt 6. Implement 7. Evaluate What is literature - Answer All written sources relevant to the topic that you have selected, including articles published in periodicals or journals etc. Primary Source - Answer Written by the person who originated or is responsible for generating the ideas published. secondary source - Answer summaries or quotes content from primary sources Peer Reviewed Article - Answer means that the author of the research report, clinical description, or theoretical explanation submitted a manuscript to a publication editor, who identified scholars familiar with the topic to review the manuscript Abstract - Answer Brief summary that quickly tells you if the article is research or clinically based. An abstract summarizes the purpose of the article. It also includes the major themes or findings and the implications for nursing practice.