WJEC-CRIMINOLOGY LEVEL 3 DIPLOMA-UNIT 2, 2.1-BIOLOGICAL THEORIES AND EVALUATION TEST ACTUAL EXAM SET

WJEC-CRIMINOLOGY LEVEL 3 DIPLOMA-UNIT 2, 2.1-BIOLOGICAL THEORIES AND EVALUATION TEST ACTUAL EXAM SET Name genetic theories - CORRECT ANSWER-Jacob et al-XYY Twin studies Adoption studies Name physiological theories - CORRECT ANSWER-Lombroso's atavistic features Sheldon's somatotypes Outline what Jacob et al found - CORRECT ANSWER-15 per 1,000 in prison had XYY 1 per 1,000 in general population had XYY Strengths of XXY study - CORRECT ANSWER-Jacob et al found significant number of men in prison had XYY chromosomes Adler et al: genetic factors may determine aggressive and violent behaviour Limitations of XYY study - CORRECT ANSWER-Found genetic abnormalites widespread throughout general population-not explaining aggression Focuses heavily on genetics, ignores behaviour Theilgaard: traits of XYY, aggression is not associated with XYY What is a monozygot and dizygot? - CORRECT ANSWER-Identitcal twins from 1 fertilised egg Twins from 2 fertilised eggs Outline Lange's findings - CORRECT ANSWER-MZ twins-higher degree of concordance than DZ twins 10/13 MZ twins-both served time in prison 2/17 DZ twins had such concordance Outline findings of Christiansen - CORRECT ANSWER-3,586 twins from Danish islands -35%(MZ)13%(DZ)males-concordance -21%(MZ)8%(DZ)females-concordance Strengths of twin studies - CORRECT ANSWER-Natural experiement-biological relationship between twins-naturally occuring variable Christansen, supports view, criminality does have genetic component