CLINICAL CHEMISTRY | MCQ COMPLETE SET EXAM TESTED QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY | MCQ COMPLETE SET EXAM TESTED QUE STIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS MCQ SECTION A: 20 MARKS 1. Which test is done routinely on CSF? a) Ketones b) Urobilin c) pH d) Glucose 2. When receiving a specimen in the lab, the following information must be known EXCEPT : a) Age of the patient b) Sex of the patient c) Height of the patient d) Diagnosis of the patient 3. The principle upon which blood glucose is determined by chemistry analyzers is: a) Asatoor and King’s b) Benedict’s quantitative c) Clinistix strip d) Glucose oxidize 4. The type of bilirubin detected in urine of a jaundiced patient is: a) Both direct and indirect bilirubin b) Direct bilirubin only c) Indirect bilirubin only d) Total bilirubin 5. The presence of starch granules in stool may be an indication of: a) Over production of alkaline phosphatase b) Undersecretion of amylase c) Pepsin production is very low d) Dehydration 6. Methods for creatinine estimation include: a) Brown’s method b) Creatinine kinase c) Cresophthalein complexion (CPC) d) Jaffe’s alkaline picrate 7. Which of the following substance is increased in Gout ? a) Uric acid b) Creatinine c) Urea d) Prosphorus9 8. Diacetyl monoxime is used in the determination of: a) Creatinine b) Creatine c) Uric acid d) Urea 9. A flame emission photometer may be used in the estimation of the following analyte EXCEPT : a) Chlorides b) Sodium c) Potasium d) Lithium 10. Bence -Jones proteins are best demonstrated by: a) Albustix b) Boiling urine and observing temperature c) 3% TCA d) BCG 11. Serum albumin is determined by the following method: a) Bromocresol green (BCG) b) 3% TCA c) Albustix d) MCuleman’s reagent 12. C.S.F protein is normally estimated by the following reagents: a) Concentrated nitiric acid b) 3% Trichloroacetic acid c) Bromocresol green (BCG) d) Albustix strips 13. Laboratory safety standards demand that the following words be written clearly on a bottle containing Conc. sulphuric acid a) Poiso n b) Flammable c) Corrosive d) Radioactive 14. Chemical analysis of urine includes the following EXCEPT : a) pH b) Protein c) Urobilinogen d) S. Haematobium 15. Midstream urine must be analysed as soon as possible because: a) Most patients are always in a hurry to attend to other issue s b) The pH of the urine changes if left at room temperature for a long time before analysis c) It is a vital investigation done before a patient is taken to theater d) It may absorb ammonia from the atmosphere and hence lower its pH 16. Benedict’s qualitative reagen t will react positively with: a) Only glucose b) Glucose and any other reducing sugars and substances c) Non-sugar reducing substances only d) Any urine that has protein 17. Quality control samples must be: - a) Run once a week b) Run alongside the patients samples whenever the doctor questions the lab results c) Run alongside the test samples at all times d) Run using special reagents set aside for this purpose 18. False positive pregnancy results from the lab may mean: a) The patient is actually pregnant b) The patient is not pregnant but has been given a wrong result c) The reagents used are very specific and accurate d) The patient had taken a lot of protein 19. Urine with high specific gravity may indicate any of the following EXCEPT : a) Contamination b) Glycosuria c) Sex of the patien t d) Proteinuria 20. Ketones in urine are detected by: a) Acetest b) Albustix c) Clinistix d) Clinitest p SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS (30 MARKS) a) 1Given the patients urea report as 120 mg/dl, convert this into blood urea nitrogen (BUN). (N = 14, O = 16, C= 12, H = 1) (5 marks) b) If 55.5 gms of CaCl 2 are made to 1 litre, what is the concentration of the solution in terms of molarity and percentage (w/v)? (Ca = 40, Cl =35.5) (5 marks) 2. . Define and describe the role of the following in quantitative analytical methods (a) Blank solution (b) Standard solution (c) Control solution (d) Reference ranges (10 marks) 3. a) List in CORRECT sequence, the five main components of a simple colorimeter (5 marks) b) List any three advantages of quality control in a clinical chemistry laboratory (5 marks) XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX (01)Histology (1)describe the following processes and give their uses in histology (a) picric acid (b)HCL (C)ethanol (d)paraffin wax (2) give the advantages and reasons of freezzing tissues (3) describe the process of decalcification (02)Clinical ch emistry (1)differentiate between the following: - (a)biliverdin and bilirubin (b)acid and alkali (c) urobilinogen and urobilin (2) describe the factors you would consider while purchasing a new equipment for the laboratory (3) (a)define the term anti - coagu lant (b) describe five coagulants used in clinical chemistry laboratory (03)Haematology (1)differentiate between HbA and HbF (2)(a) describe ESR ie the setting of the test and its importance (b) define anti coagulant and describe the working principle of EDTA (3) Describe the cyanmethoglobin method of Hb estimation (04)microbiology (1)differentiate between exotoxin and endotoxin (2) describe blood agar ie how it is prepapared and its uses (3) A male patient complains to a clinician of producing yellow discharge from his penis. (a) suggests the causative agent (b) describe step by step how you would isolate the orgamism (05) blood transfusion (1) describe all the stages of compatibility test (x - match) (2)give the reasons behind the washing of red blood cells (3) (a)describe the criteria used in the recruitment of potential blood donor (b) describe the precautions taken to prevent transmissible transfusion inf ections (06)parasitology (1) describe the formal - ether method of stool examination (2)descrjjibe the harmful effects parasite cause in a host PRACTICALS (01)HISTOLOGY You are provided with a tissue section on a slide. carry out a zn s taining using the apparatus and reagents provided and give your report.NB/give a procedure and the report of your examination Spots (1) (5)diamond pen -/microtome knife -----name it and give its use (2) tissue tek ------- name it and give its use (3) picric acid( yellow in colour) ------name it and give its use (4) chroloform ------- name it and give its use (02) clinical chemistry You are provided with urne specimen in a test tube. Perform a dipstick and use the chart provided to read the reactions. (a) report on th e abnormalities observed ---------------- glucose and protein present (b) give the pathological nature indicated by the sport -------- diabetes and kidney impairment Spots