ESSENTIALS OF PEDIATRIC NURSING 4TH EDITION KYLE CARMAN TEST BANK CHAPTER 5 GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRESCHOOLER MULTIPLE CHOICE

ESSENTIALS OF PEDIATRIC NURSING 4TH EDITION KYLE CARMAN TEST BANK CHAPTER 5 GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRESCHOOLER MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which should the nurse expect of a healthy 3-year-old child? a. Jump rope. b. Ride a two-wheel bicycle. c. Skip on alternate feet. d. Balance on one foot for a few seconds. ANS: D Three-year-olds are able to accomplish this gross motor skill. Jumping rope, riding a twowheel bicycle, and skipping on alternate feet are gross motor skills of 5-year-olds. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: 408 TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 2. In terms of fine motor development, which should the 3-year-old child be expected to do? a. Lace shoes and tie shoelaces with a bow. b. Use scissors to cut pictures, and print a few numbers. c. Draw a person with seven parts and correctly identify the parts. Estudy d. Draw a circle and name what has been drawn. ANS: D Three-year-olds are able to accomplish this fine motor skill. Being able to lace shoes and tie shoelaces with a bow, use scissors to cut pictures, and print a few numbers, or draw a person with seven parts and correctly identify the parts are fine motor skills of 4- or 5- year-olds. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: 408 TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 3. A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child and notes the child exhibits magical thinking. According to Piaget, which describes magical thinking? a. Events have cause and effect. b. God is like an imaginary friend. c. Thoughts are all-powerful. d. If the skin is broken, the childs insides will come out. ANS: C Because of their egocentrism and transductive reasoning, preschoolers believe that thoughts are all-powerful. Cause-and-effect implies logical thought, not magical thinking. Thinking God is like an imaginary friend is an example of concrete thinking in a preschoolers spiritual development. Thinking that if the skin is broken, the childs insides will come out is an example of concrete thinking in development of body image. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply REF: 409 TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 4. A nurse, instructing parents of a hospitalized preschool child, explains that which is descriptive of the preschoolers understanding of time? a. Has no understanding of time b. Associates time with events c. Can tell time on a clock d. Uses terms like yesterday appropriately ANS: B In a preschoolers understanding, time has a relation with events such as Well go outside after lunch. Preschoolers develop an abstract sense of time at age 3 years. Children can tell time on a clock at age 7 years. Children do not fully understand use of time-oriented words until age 6 years. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: 409 TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 5. The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 4-year-old boy. His parents tell the nurse that they will be back to visit at 6 PM. When the child asks the nurse when his parents are coming, the nurses best response is a. They will be here soon. b. They will come after dinner. c. Let me show you on the clock when 6 PM is. d. I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be. ANS: B A 4-year-old child understands time in relation to events such as meals. Children perceive soon as a very short time. The nurse may lose the childs trust if his parents do not return in the time he perceives as soon. Children cannot read or use a clock for practical purposes until age 7 years. I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be Estudy assumes the child understands the concepts of hours and minutes, which are not developed until age 5 or 6 years. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply REF: 409 TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 6. A 4-year-old child is hospitalized with a serious bacterial infection. The child tells the nurse that he is sick because he was bad. Which is the nurses best interpretation of this comment? a. Sign of stress b. Common at this age Estudy c. Suggestive of maladaptation d. Suggestive of excessive discipline at home ANS: B Preschoolers cannot understand the cause and effect of illness. Thei