Colorado Esthetician Written Exam Study Guide With Complete Solution 202324

Patch test - Inside of arm, elbow, small area of face and wait 24 hours Allergy Test - Predisposition Test Occupational Safety and Health Agency (OSHA) - Regulates employee safety Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - Testing and approving drugs sold Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - Registers all types of disinfectants sold and used Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - Protective clothing and devices to protect individuals from blood born pathogens Centers for Disease Control (CDC) - Studying diseases and prevent spread Universal Precautions (UP) - Employer and employee to assume that there are pathogens present in human blood that can spread disease in humans Standard Precautions - Introduced by the CDC in 1996, Workers must assume all blood and bodily fluids are potential risks of infection Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) - Contains information on product safety and possible hazards (calling poison control or 911) Infection Control - Methods to reduce transmission of infectious organisms Bacteria - Single cell microorganisms Nonpathogenic - Harmless organisms that may preform useful functions Pathogenic - Harmful organisms that cause disease and infection Cocci - Round shaped bacteria (self-movement) Staphylococci - Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like grapes Streptococci - Pus-forming bacteria that curve like a string of beads Diplococci - Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs (DI=2) causes pneumonia Bacilli - Short rod-shaped bacteria Spirilla - Spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria Flagella - Slender, hair like extensions used by parasites for locomotion (moving about) snake like motion Cilia - Hair like extensions, but shorter and and move in a rowing-like motion Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) - infectious bacteria that is high resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics Viruses - Parasitic submicroscopic particles that infects and resides in cells, Does not have a cell or nucleus, it is a protein. ex. Common colds, measles, mumps, chicken pox, smallpox, HIV/AIDS Fungi - Microscopic plant parasites that include mold, mildew, and yeast Dermatophytes - Fungi that causes skin, hair, and nail infections Tinea Pedis - Ringworm fungus of the foot Parasites - Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in a host Scabies - Contagious skin disease caused by itch mite Pediculosis - Infestation of head lice Cleaning - Washing with soap and water Disinfection - Chemical disinfectant that destroys most but not all organisms (must be in for 10 minutes) Bactericidal - Kills bacteria Virucidal - Kills viruses Fungicidal - Kills fungi Sterilization - Destroys all pathogens and microbial life, ex. Autoclaves: using high pressure steam under dry heat Single Use - Disposables items that cannot be used more than once Multi-use - Reusable items that can be cleaned and disinfected even if exposed to blood or bodily fluids Cross-contamination - Touching an object without cleaning hands and then touching another object Aseptic Procedures - Process of properly handling sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies Skin Histology - Study of the structure and composition of the skin tissue Skin Physiology - Study of the functions of living organisms Second Degree - Affects the top two layers of the skin. Asymptomatic - Showing no symptoms or signs of infection Porous - Made or constructed of a material that has openings Nonporus - Has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquid Mycrobacterium Fortuitum - Microscopic germ that normally exists in tap water Skin Histology - Study of the structure and composition of the skin tissue Skin Physiology - Study of the functions of living organisms 6 Skin Functions - Protection, Absorption, Secretion, Excretion, Temperature Regulation, Sensation Protection - Acid mantle protective barrier made up of sebum, lipids, sweat, and water. Forms a hydrolipidic film to protect the skin from trying out from exposure to external factors. Sensation - Responds to touch, pain, cold, heat and pressure Thermoregulation - Average internal temp is 98.6° F through evaporation, perspiration, radiation, and insulation Excretion - Sudoriferous glands; sweat glands detoxifies the body by excreting excess water, salt, and unwanted chemicals Secretion - Sebum; oily substance that protects and lubricates the skin. Sebaceous glands; oil glands. Skin is 50 to 70% water and slows down the evaporation of water Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL) Absorption - Absorbs water, ingredients, oxygen necessary for skin's health. Epidermis - Outermost Layer Stratum Corneum - (horny layer) thin and waterproof Stratum Lucidum - thin clear layer of dead skin cells