Medical Biochemistry Exam I Questions & Answers

Medical Biochemistry Exam I Questions & Answers What Amino acid has the code of G? - ANS-Glycine (Gly) What is the effect of 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate on oxygen delivery? - ANS-2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) decrease the affinity of Hb for oxygen. What are the DNA polymerases associated with prokaryotes? - ANS-Polymerase I - which removes the RNA primers Polymerase III- which copies the template strand in DNA replication How does CO2 affect oxygen delivery? - ANS-Carbon dioxide can affect oxygen release through the Bohr effect by forming carbonic acid in the blood. Name the amino acids with basic side chains. - ANS-Histidine, Lysine, Arginine What Amino acid has the code of F? - ANS-Phenylalanine (Phe) _______________________ is also transported out of the body by forming a chemical adduct with the amino terminus of the Beta-chain (valine). Hint: what gas? - ANS-Carbon dioxide is also transported out of the body by forming a chemical adduct with the amino terminus of the Beta-chain (valine). What is the difference between myoglobin and hemoglobin? - ANS-While myoglobin serves as oxygen storage in red muscle, hemoglobin transports O2 to the tissues and returns CO2 to the lungs. What do the amino acids listed have in common? - Leucine, Isoleucine, Methionine, and Tryptophan - ANS-They are nonpolar amino acids Name the amino acids with acidic side chains. - ANS-Aspartic acid and glutamic acid. NH3+ - CH2-COOH What amino acid is this? - ANS-Glycine What is the Bohr effect? - ANS-a decrease in the amount of oxygen associated with hemoglobin and other respiratory compounds in response to a lowered blood pH resulting from an increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood. What is a zwitteron? - ANS-Something that is carrying both a (+) and (-) charge. What three amino acids disrupt an alpha-helix? - ANS-1. Proline: inserts a kink in the chain 2. Large numbers of charged amino acids: interfers with ionic bonding 3.Amino acids with bulky side chains What are the DNA polymerases that are associated with eukaryotes? - ANS--Pol α (Primer synthesis on leading and lagging strands) -Pol ẟ (synthesizes the bulk of the lagging strand DNA) -Pol ɛ (synthesizes the bulk of the leading strand DNA) What is the main difference between alpha helices and Beta sheets? - ANS-Unlike the α-helix, β-sheets are composed of two or more peptide chains (β-strands), or segments of polypeptide chains, which are almost fully extended. What is the differences between fibrous and globular proteins? - ANS-Globular proteins are spherical, elliptical or oval in shape and soluble in water, acids and bases, while fibrous proteins are not soluble, except in strong concentrations of acid and alkali. Fibrous proteins are one of three types of scleroprotein that make up connective tissue, bone matrices, tendons and muscle fiber. CONTINUES...