NR 325 Exam 1 2023 M

NR 325 Exam 1 2023 M The usual pharmaceutical treatment of diabetes insipidus? - CORRECT ANSWERS Desmopressin A PT on desmopressin will present with what normal side effect? - CORRECT ANSWERS Decreased urine output Patient education for desmopressin should include an immediate referral to the PCP for what s/sx? - CORRECT ANSWERS Nausea, vomitting, GI issues, and hypotension PT education for synthroid should include? - CORRECT ANSWERS Life-long therapy, do not stop meds abruptly, take med same time everyday, must constantly f/u with PCP. Hypothyroidism is most commonly treated with? - CORRECT ANSWERS Levothyroxine (synthroid) Dietary instructions for peritoneal dialysis should include? - CORRECT ANSWERS Increased protein, phosphorus, and fiber consumption Propylthiouracil (PTU) causes what adverse effect? - CORRECT ANSWERS Immuno-compromise Moon face, buffalo hump, osteoporosis, lethargy, hyperglycemia, muscle wasting (extremities), and purple striae are all common s/sx of what disease? - CORRECT ANSWERS Cushing's Addisonian crisis is triggered by? - CORRECT ANSWERS (1) stress (e.g., from infection, surgery, psychologic distress), (2) the sudden withdrawal of corticosteroid hormone therapy, (3) adrenal surgery, or (4) sudden pituitary gland destruction. S/sx of Addison's disease? - CORRECT ANSWERS Hypoglycemia and hyperpigmentation Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) should avoid foods high in what? - CORRECT ANSWERS Phosphorus, K, Mg, Na (green beans/string beans are okay). Hypoglycemia can be evident by? - CORRECT ANSWERS Shaky, decreased consciousness, fatigue, recurrent infections, polyphagia (hunger) Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is characterized by what lab findings? - CORRECT ANSWERS 300 or higher glucose and hypotension Management of DKA includes what? - CORRECT ANSWERS I.V. fluids, shortacting insulin I.V., electrolyte replacement, mental status eval, I&O, glucose reassessment, ketone assessment, ECG, cardio/respiratory assessment. What are the lab findings for Hypothyroidism? - CORRECT ANSWERS Decreased T3 & T4, Increased TSH What are the lab findings for Hyperthyroidism? - CORRECT ANSWERS Increased T3 & T4, Decreased TSH What is the rule of 15's? - CORRECT ANSWERS Have patient eat or drink 15 g of quick-acting carbohydrate, Wait 15 min, If blood glucose is still <70 mg/dL, have patient repeat treatment of 15 g of carbohydrate. If the blood glucose has stabilized (>70mg/dl) after the first 15g of quick-acting carbs, what should you do? - CORRECT ANSWERS Monitor patient, but do not readminister any other carbs Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) results from_____? - CORRECT ANSWERS An overproduction of ADH or the release of ADH despite normal or low plasma osmolarity When assessing patients at risk and those who have confirmed SIADH, be alert for _____? - CORRECT ANSWERS Low urine output with a high specific gravity, a sudden weight gain without edema, or a decreased serum sodium level. Treatment for SIADH? - CORRECT ANSWERS Fluid restriction, loop diurectic (Lasix) Nursing management of SIADH? - CORRECT ANSWERS Monitor I&O, vital signs, and heart and lung sounds. Obtain daily weights. Observe for signs of hyponatremia, including seizures, headache, vomiting, and decreased neurologic function. Lab findings for SIADH? - CORRECT ANSWERS Hyponatremia, Spec Grav >1.030, serum osmolality <280 Diabetes insipidus s/sx? - CORRECT ANSWERS Polydipsia, polyuria, hypernatremia, nocturia What should be the immediate concern when evaluating a patient who is post-op thyroidectomy? - CORRECT ANSWERS Breathing and bleeding What should be the key items to evaluate on a patient who has ju