BEST SUMMARY FOR UNDERSTANDING NUTRITION 16TH EDITION WELL EXPLAINED

I. CHAPTER 8: Energy Balance and Body Composition 1. Energy Balance - the energy (kcalories) consumed from foods and beverage compared with the . energy expended through metabolic processes and physical activities 2. Hunger - the psychological drive for food that initiates food-seeing behavior • Hypothalamus - brain center that controls activities (control of appetite) 3. Appetite - the psychological desire to find and eat food - can occur without hunger (eating a piece of pie after a full meal) 4. Satiation - the feeling of satisfaction and fullness that occurs during a meal and halts eating - determines how much food is consumed during a meal 5. Satiety - the feeling of fullness and satisfaction that occurs after a meal and inhibits eating until . the next meal - determines how much time passes between meals • Satiating - having the power to suppress hunger and inhibit eating - protein is more satiating; complex CHO and fiber also extends satiety - portion size correlates directly with a food’s satiety A. Hunger, Satiation, and Satiety 1. Psychological Influences: - Empty stomach - Gastric contractions - Absence of nutrients in S.I. - GI Hormones - Endorphins (brain’s pleasure chemicals)