Part 1 - YEAR 11 PRELIMINARY
Chapter 1 - Design theory and practice
Design and production career opportunities
● Architecture
● Fashion design
● Furniture designer/maker
● Graphic artist
● Industrial designer
● Interior designer
● Web designer
● Electrician
● Landscape designer
● Retail space designer
● Advertising creative
Processes undertaken when designing
● Identifying needs and opportunities
○ Design is part of human response to challenges around us → and in this way,
forms the central/important party of thoughts and ideas
○ Finding solution to needs, utilising emerging technologies, responding to
opportunity
● Design brief
○ Highlights problem to be solved, or need to be met
○ Clear and articulate
○ Not identify possible solutions
○ Important for correct interpretation for brief to be made
○ Design specifications given, designer should work within guidelines
○ Should combine as many details as possible that covers all considerations
● Research and investigation
○ Collecting information that considers all aspects of problem
■ Ie magazines, books, catalogues, manufacturers’ information
○ Research = ongoing
○ Investigation process looks at all the ways in which project may be achieved
○ Teams work collaboratively
○ Team coordinator brings together ideas, resolves conflict and guides product
direction
● Design specification
○ Differentiation between design concepts (ideas, variations, final proposal), design
constraints (time, budget, quality of resources) and design criteria (related to
outcome - user behaviour, benefit, safety, purpose)
, ● Adaptations of ideas
○ Sorting through ideas and selecting ones most promising for further development
○ Includes form, addition of detail and clarification of how certain aspects can go
together
○ Human, material & equipment resources should now be considered
Case study - Car design process by HSV [DESIGN PROCESSES]
Body design
- Holden supplies HSV component with body in white and 3D models for use in
designing body/interior components
- Sketched design models modelled in clay, finessed by product group and made to
Australian Design Rules (body height, ramp angles, tyre coverage etc)
- Converted to CAD Unigraphics model, works with engineer to make pilot models, edits
Chassis design
- Testing begins with fitting new evaluation parts to current model as model cannot be
tested in public
- Different combinations of components and settings trialled
- Must follow Aus Design rules - ground clearance, braking performance, traction
control, tyre, handling
Powertrain design (transmits drive from engine to axle)
- HSV = GM based product, modelled off combination of successful and popular
drivelines in the US
- Powertrain engineers select cost effective method of achieving goal
- Put into future model pilot cars, engineer also overlooking mounting of models,
harness routing, sensors, cameras
Interior design
- Direction from product group and head of styling for colour, materials
- Materials assessed for durability
- Interior and exterior badging
Chapter 2 - Design and production production in
domestic, community, industrial and commercial
settings
Domestic settings Community settings Industrial/commercial
settings
Description Small scale/one off Small Large scale production
production community/interest
group that develops
cooperative (co-op) for
, community
Manufacturing Simple, to reduce cost Scale of production Large number of people
techniques of production can vary in production process,
variety of large scale
machinery and tools
Location Home or small factory Rural/community In factories
centres
Tools and Basic, suited to Few, simple, Large scale machinery
machines domestic setting association is to and tools - more
engage job economically viable to
opportunities and manufacture
provide service for
community
Example Dinosaur Designs - Community gardens - GM motors, Apple
originally began in offering produce,
home, expanded to kerbside
local markets, now
internationally
recognised
Technologies used in production processes
● Computer aided design (CAD)
○ Rapid prototyping scans sketches and produces a 3D prototype of a product
based on the measurements, coordinates it reads on CAD software
○ After linking designs to computer aided manufacturing (CAM), injection moulding
machinery to rapidly produce a prototype
○ Allow designers to see product before being sent to production
● Computer numerical control (CNC)
○ Controls cutting machines
○ Ensures accuracy
Technology in design/production
Benefits Negatives
- Project management simplified (ie - Initial startup = expensive (small
inventory, financial records, budget, companies excluded from competing
time and action plan) → easier to against larger corporations that have
work with, available to all people more funds at their disposal)
involved in project - Low skilled/unskilled workers replaced
- Communication technologies = break by machinery → cripples large sector
down of barriers, increased of society
employment, collaboration, resources - Maintenance of repair costs can be
- Drawing process = detail and significant → huge financial burden on
, accuracy company
- Resources saved → efficiency - Pollution caused by large factories =
between detrimental impact on environment,
- Changed face of marketing (ie unsustainable
targeted advertisement via SMS, - Extended use of electronic
emails) communication leading to social
- Flexible work environments isolation
- CAD & CAM = producing error free
designs
- Robots replacing jobs leading to
occupational overuse syndrome
(OOS)
- Enhanced efficiency of assembly line
(faster volume = more profit)
Case study - lighting for theatre [DESIGN PROCESS IN A COMMERCIAL SETTING]
Alexander Berlage → young emerging freelance lighting designer from Sydney
- Created lighting design for production ‘The Dissolving Self’ in Carriageworks Sydney
- Designed luminal space of airport waiting lounge in unspecified location
- Reflected themes of production = transition, reflection, change and hope
- Had to keep in mind constraints (what was logistically/technically possible, examining
technical specifications, power, timing, small stock of lamps available)
Research and design inspiration:
- Spoke with Chris Drummond (play director) for vision for setting
- Found inspiration through annotating reference images of airport visits → liked the
concept of lights
Testing
- Experimented with gels, different lights such as PAR 64, black wrap
- Experimented with lighting angles after rehearsals (differing from original set up due to
blocking from actors on stage)
- Decided upon Source 4 Revolution = moving lamp which enabled to change shutter
sizes, focus shapes, cheapest moving light available
Refined idea
- Using Vectorworks (CAD) to plot points of lamp contact with stage and for bump in
Chapter 3 - Impact of design and technology
activities on the individual, society and environment
Considerations for the individual, society and environment
Chapter 1 - Design theory and practice
Design and production career opportunities
● Architecture
● Fashion design
● Furniture designer/maker
● Graphic artist
● Industrial designer
● Interior designer
● Web designer
● Electrician
● Landscape designer
● Retail space designer
● Advertising creative
Processes undertaken when designing
● Identifying needs and opportunities
○ Design is part of human response to challenges around us → and in this way,
forms the central/important party of thoughts and ideas
○ Finding solution to needs, utilising emerging technologies, responding to
opportunity
● Design brief
○ Highlights problem to be solved, or need to be met
○ Clear and articulate
○ Not identify possible solutions
○ Important for correct interpretation for brief to be made
○ Design specifications given, designer should work within guidelines
○ Should combine as many details as possible that covers all considerations
● Research and investigation
○ Collecting information that considers all aspects of problem
■ Ie magazines, books, catalogues, manufacturers’ information
○ Research = ongoing
○ Investigation process looks at all the ways in which project may be achieved
○ Teams work collaboratively
○ Team coordinator brings together ideas, resolves conflict and guides product
direction
● Design specification
○ Differentiation between design concepts (ideas, variations, final proposal), design
constraints (time, budget, quality of resources) and design criteria (related to
outcome - user behaviour, benefit, safety, purpose)
, ● Adaptations of ideas
○ Sorting through ideas and selecting ones most promising for further development
○ Includes form, addition of detail and clarification of how certain aspects can go
together
○ Human, material & equipment resources should now be considered
Case study - Car design process by HSV [DESIGN PROCESSES]
Body design
- Holden supplies HSV component with body in white and 3D models for use in
designing body/interior components
- Sketched design models modelled in clay, finessed by product group and made to
Australian Design Rules (body height, ramp angles, tyre coverage etc)
- Converted to CAD Unigraphics model, works with engineer to make pilot models, edits
Chassis design
- Testing begins with fitting new evaluation parts to current model as model cannot be
tested in public
- Different combinations of components and settings trialled
- Must follow Aus Design rules - ground clearance, braking performance, traction
control, tyre, handling
Powertrain design (transmits drive from engine to axle)
- HSV = GM based product, modelled off combination of successful and popular
drivelines in the US
- Powertrain engineers select cost effective method of achieving goal
- Put into future model pilot cars, engineer also overlooking mounting of models,
harness routing, sensors, cameras
Interior design
- Direction from product group and head of styling for colour, materials
- Materials assessed for durability
- Interior and exterior badging
Chapter 2 - Design and production production in
domestic, community, industrial and commercial
settings
Domestic settings Community settings Industrial/commercial
settings
Description Small scale/one off Small Large scale production
production community/interest
group that develops
cooperative (co-op) for
, community
Manufacturing Simple, to reduce cost Scale of production Large number of people
techniques of production can vary in production process,
variety of large scale
machinery and tools
Location Home or small factory Rural/community In factories
centres
Tools and Basic, suited to Few, simple, Large scale machinery
machines domestic setting association is to and tools - more
engage job economically viable to
opportunities and manufacture
provide service for
community
Example Dinosaur Designs - Community gardens - GM motors, Apple
originally began in offering produce,
home, expanded to kerbside
local markets, now
internationally
recognised
Technologies used in production processes
● Computer aided design (CAD)
○ Rapid prototyping scans sketches and produces a 3D prototype of a product
based on the measurements, coordinates it reads on CAD software
○ After linking designs to computer aided manufacturing (CAM), injection moulding
machinery to rapidly produce a prototype
○ Allow designers to see product before being sent to production
● Computer numerical control (CNC)
○ Controls cutting machines
○ Ensures accuracy
Technology in design/production
Benefits Negatives
- Project management simplified (ie - Initial startup = expensive (small
inventory, financial records, budget, companies excluded from competing
time and action plan) → easier to against larger corporations that have
work with, available to all people more funds at their disposal)
involved in project - Low skilled/unskilled workers replaced
- Communication technologies = break by machinery → cripples large sector
down of barriers, increased of society
employment, collaboration, resources - Maintenance of repair costs can be
- Drawing process = detail and significant → huge financial burden on
, accuracy company
- Resources saved → efficiency - Pollution caused by large factories =
between detrimental impact on environment,
- Changed face of marketing (ie unsustainable
targeted advertisement via SMS, - Extended use of electronic
emails) communication leading to social
- Flexible work environments isolation
- CAD & CAM = producing error free
designs
- Robots replacing jobs leading to
occupational overuse syndrome
(OOS)
- Enhanced efficiency of assembly line
(faster volume = more profit)
Case study - lighting for theatre [DESIGN PROCESS IN A COMMERCIAL SETTING]
Alexander Berlage → young emerging freelance lighting designer from Sydney
- Created lighting design for production ‘The Dissolving Self’ in Carriageworks Sydney
- Designed luminal space of airport waiting lounge in unspecified location
- Reflected themes of production = transition, reflection, change and hope
- Had to keep in mind constraints (what was logistically/technically possible, examining
technical specifications, power, timing, small stock of lamps available)
Research and design inspiration:
- Spoke with Chris Drummond (play director) for vision for setting
- Found inspiration through annotating reference images of airport visits → liked the
concept of lights
Testing
- Experimented with gels, different lights such as PAR 64, black wrap
- Experimented with lighting angles after rehearsals (differing from original set up due to
blocking from actors on stage)
- Decided upon Source 4 Revolution = moving lamp which enabled to change shutter
sizes, focus shapes, cheapest moving light available
Refined idea
- Using Vectorworks (CAD) to plot points of lamp contact with stage and for bump in
Chapter 3 - Impact of design and technology
activities on the individual, society and environment
Considerations for the individual, society and environment
