Hole's Human Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 1
Axial portion - ANSIncludes the head, neck, and trunk
appendicular portion - ANSupper and lower limbs
cranial cavity - ANSContains the brain
vertebral cavity - ANSCavity housing spinal cord protected by vertebral column
thoracic cavity - ANSChest Cavity
abdominopelvic cavity - ANSContains: abdominal & pelvic cavities
viscera - ANSPertaining to internal organs
diaphragm - ANS(anatomy) a muscular partition separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
serous membrane - ANSA thin membrane lining the closed cavities of the body
pleural membranes - ANSserous membranes that enclose the lungs and line the chest wall
pericardial membrane - ANSlines the heart cavity and protects the heart
peritoneal membrane - ANSmembranes that line the abdominopelvic cavity and cover the
organs inside
integumentary system - ANSConsists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail
skeletal system - ANS1. Function- to provide support for the body, to protect delicate internal
organs and to provide attachment sites for the organ
muscular system - ANSConsists of skeletal muscles, tendons that connect muscles to bones,
and ligaments that attach bones together to form joint
endocrine system - ANSGlands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth,
reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.
cardiovascular system - ANSBlood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon
dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood.
, lymphatic system - ANSComposed of red bone marrow, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes,
lymphatic vessels; picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to the blood; Involved
with immunity; Without the system, the body would swell ad fluid becomes trapped in your
tissues
digestive system - ANSBreaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for
distribution to body cells.
respiratory system - ANSA system of organs, functioning in the process of gas exchange
between the body and the environment, consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages,
nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
urinary system - ANSEliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte
and acid-base balance of the blood.
superior - ANSa part above another part
inferior - ANSa part below another part
anterior - ANStowards the front
posterior - ANStowards the back
medial - ANScloser to the imaginary midline dividing a body
lateral - ANStowards the side, away from the midline
bilateral - ANSpaired structures on either side of the body
ipsilateral - ANSrefers to structures on the same side of the body
contralateral - ANSrefers to a structure on the opposite side
proximal - ANScloser to the trunk
distal - ANSfurther from the trunk
superficial - ANSclose to the surface
deep - ANSdescribes more internal parts
abdominal - ANSregion between the thorax and pelvis
Chapter 1
Axial portion - ANSIncludes the head, neck, and trunk
appendicular portion - ANSupper and lower limbs
cranial cavity - ANSContains the brain
vertebral cavity - ANSCavity housing spinal cord protected by vertebral column
thoracic cavity - ANSChest Cavity
abdominopelvic cavity - ANSContains: abdominal & pelvic cavities
viscera - ANSPertaining to internal organs
diaphragm - ANS(anatomy) a muscular partition separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
serous membrane - ANSA thin membrane lining the closed cavities of the body
pleural membranes - ANSserous membranes that enclose the lungs and line the chest wall
pericardial membrane - ANSlines the heart cavity and protects the heart
peritoneal membrane - ANSmembranes that line the abdominopelvic cavity and cover the
organs inside
integumentary system - ANSConsists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail
skeletal system - ANS1. Function- to provide support for the body, to protect delicate internal
organs and to provide attachment sites for the organ
muscular system - ANSConsists of skeletal muscles, tendons that connect muscles to bones,
and ligaments that attach bones together to form joint
endocrine system - ANSGlands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth,
reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.
cardiovascular system - ANSBlood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon
dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood.
, lymphatic system - ANSComposed of red bone marrow, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes,
lymphatic vessels; picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to the blood; Involved
with immunity; Without the system, the body would swell ad fluid becomes trapped in your
tissues
digestive system - ANSBreaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for
distribution to body cells.
respiratory system - ANSA system of organs, functioning in the process of gas exchange
between the body and the environment, consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages,
nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
urinary system - ANSEliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte
and acid-base balance of the blood.
superior - ANSa part above another part
inferior - ANSa part below another part
anterior - ANStowards the front
posterior - ANStowards the back
medial - ANScloser to the imaginary midline dividing a body
lateral - ANStowards the side, away from the midline
bilateral - ANSpaired structures on either side of the body
ipsilateral - ANSrefers to structures on the same side of the body
contralateral - ANSrefers to a structure on the opposite side
proximal - ANScloser to the trunk
distal - ANSfurther from the trunk
superficial - ANSclose to the surface
deep - ANSdescribes more internal parts
abdominal - ANSregion between the thorax and pelvis
