Histopathology with complete solutions 2023/2024

Histopathologyhistopathology - correct answers the microscopic examination of tissue in order to study the manifestations of disease fixation - correct answers chemical or physical method of killing the tissue and yet retaining the characteristic peculiarities of shape and structure formalin - correct answers a chemical commonly used as a fixative How to cut tissue into thin sections? - correct answers freeze the fresh fixed tissue, dehydrate tissue in alcohols (embedding) embedding - correct answers infiltrate the tissues with paraffin or a similar agent differential staining - correct answers staining of the tissue using different dyes and chemicals; gives ability to see differing organelles and components of the cells glass slide and cover glass - correct answers how to preserve the tissue once the section is cut basic dyes - correct answers cationic , form salts with the tissue anions (components that carry negative charge), especially the phosphate groups of nucleic acids (DNA, RNA); and the sulfate groups of the glycosaminoglycans glycosaminolycans - correct answers large linear polysaccharides; primary structure contains sugars basophilic - correct answers components of the cells or tissues that take up basic stains ( nuclei and ribosomes ) acidic dyes - correct answers anionic, form salts with the cationic groups in cells and tissues, particularly the positively charges amino groups (lysine and arginine) of proteins. acidophilic - correct answers components of the cells or tissues that show a greater affinity for acidic dyes, ( cytoplasm, secretory vesicles, and mitochondria ) Hematoxylin - correct answers not a true basic die, however when it is used with an intermediary, which recognizes anionic tissue component, is nearly specific stain for chromatin and is referred to as a basic stain (STAINS THE NUCLEUS BLUE (chromatin and chromosomes) Eosin - correct answers an acidic dye, ( STAINS THE MITOCHONDRIA AND CYTOPLASM RED ) gall bladder - correct answers small sac-shaped organ beneath the liver, in which bile is stored after secretion by the liver and before release into the intestine apex - correct answers the free surface of the cell base - correct answers the side of the cell opposite to the apex microvilli - correct answers short processes, that increase the cell surface area, located on the apex of the cell epithelium, epidermis - correct answers layer of cells that covers or lines a cavity. packed with little space among them epithelium function - correct answers formation of a protective layer, absorption of water and solutes, secretion , and excretion simple epithelia - correct answers one cell layer thick stratified epithelia - correct answers two or more cell layers thick