Test Bank Memmler’s The Human Body in Health and Disease 14th Edition Cohen Hull

Test Bank Memmler’s The Human Body in Health and Disease 14th Edition Cohen HullContents Chapter 1: Organization of the Human Body Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which word is derived from the Greek word meaning “cutting up”? A. B. ANS: D REF: MCS: 3 2. their parts? A. B. ANS: B REF: MCS: 6 3. A. B. ANS: C REF: MCS: 6 4. A. B. C. D. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 5. Cells are more complex than tissues are the first level of organization in the body are the smallest living units of structure and function in the body both B and C DIF: Application REF: MCS: 8 A group of cells that act together to perform a function is called a(n) A. B. ANS: C 1 | P a g e molecule organ PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization tissue organism dissection physiology PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction Which word is defined as the study of the function of living organisms and dissection physiology PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction Which word is defined as the scientific study of disease? dissection C. physiology PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction D. DIF: Memorization pathology anatomy C. D. DIF: Memorization pathology anatomy C. D. DIF: Memorization pathology anatomyREF: MCS: 8 6. A. B. ANS: A TOP: Structural levels of organization The heart is an example of a(n) organ tissue PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 7. C. D. organism system DIF: Application REF: MCS: 8 The levels of organization from most simple to most complex are A. B. C. D. ANS: D REF: MCS: 7 8. PTS: 1 cell system tissue system chemical system chemical system tissue cell DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization When using directional terms to describe the body, it is assumed that the body is in what position? A. B. ANS: B REF: MCS: 9 9. A. B. C. D. ANS: A REF: MCS: 9 PTS: 1 supine anatomical PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical position The supine position describes the body lying face up is also called anatomical position describes the body lying face down both A and B lateral prone cell tissue organ organ chemical cell organ chemical tissue organ DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical position 10. The prone position A. B. C. 2 | P a g e describes the body lying face up is also called the anatomical position describes the body lying face downD. both B and C ANS: C REF: MCS: 9 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical position 11. Because humans walk upright, the term dorsal can be used in place of the term A. B. ANS: B direction 12. A. B. ANS: D The opposite term for posterior in humans is C. superior anterior PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 13. D. ventral both B and C DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The opposite term for superficial is A. B. ANS: A REF: MCS: 10 14. section. A. B. ANS: B deep inferior PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction The body section that divides the right ear from the left ear is a frontal sagittal PTS: 1 TOP: Planes or body sections 15. C. D. coronal transverse DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 The body section that divides the nose from the back of the head is a section. A. B. ANS: A frontal sagittal PTS: 1 C. D. midsagittal transverse DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Planes or body sections 16. A section that divides the body into mirror images is a 3 | P a g e section. posterior medial inferior posterior PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 9 C. D. DIF: TOP: Anatomical anterior distalA. B. frontal coronal ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Planes or body sections 17. C. D. midsagittal transverse DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 The two major body cavities are called A. thoracic and abdominal C. dorsal and ventral 4 | P a g eB. thoracic and pelvic ANS: C REF: MCS: 10 18. A. B. ANS: D TOP: Body cavities 19. PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities The liver can be found in the upper right quadrant epigastric region PTS: 1 C. D. hypogastric region both A and B DIF: Application REF: MCS: 11 The word “leg” correctly describes the A. B. ANS: B REF: MCS: 13 20. example of A. B. ANS: A area from the hip to the foot area from the knee to the ankle PTS: 1 TOP: Body regions The human body tries to maintain a constant body temperature. This is an homeostasis a positive feedback loop PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 21. C. D. an effector a sensor DIF: Application REF: MCS: 15 The part of a feedback loop that has the direct effect on the regulated condition is called A. homeostasis B. ANS: B body functions 22. the effector PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 16 C. D. DIF: TOP: The balance of The part of the feedback loop that detects a change in the regulated condition is called A. homeostasis B. 5 | P a g e the effector C. D. the sensor the control center the sensor the control center C. D. DIF: Memorization area between the hip and the knee femoral area D. DIF: Memorization mediastinum and pleuralANS: C PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 15 body functions 23. DIF: TOP: The balance of The part of the feedback loop that compares the present condition to the homeostatic condition the body is trying to maintain is called A. homeostasis B. ANS: D REF: MCS: 15 24. the effector PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: The balance of body functions When your body temperature drops below normal, your muscles begin to contract rapidly, making you shiver and generating heat. In this case your muscles are acting as the A. sensor B. ANS: B effector PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 25. C. D. DIF: Synthesis control center both A and C REF: MCS: 15 Which of the following body functions is an example of a positive feedback loop? A. B. C. D. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 26. maintaining a pH of 7.45 in the body forming a blood clot uterine contractions during labor both B and C DIF: Application REF: MCS: 16 The level of organization directly below the organ level is the A. B. ANS: C REF: MCS: 7 27. anatomical position? A. B. ANS: C position 6 | P a g e system cellular PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization Which of these terms cannot be applied to a body in the dorsal posterior PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 9 C. D. DIF: TOP: Anatomical supine both A and B tissue chemical level. the sensor the control center28. A. B. Which term means toward the head? C. anterior superior ANS: B REF: MCS: 9 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction 29. Which describes the anatomical relationship of the wrist to the elbow? A. B. C. D. ANS: A PTS: 1 The elbow is proximal to the wrist. The elbow is distal to the wrist. The elbow is superficial to the wrist. The elbow is lateral to the wrist. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 TOP: Anatomical direction 30. A coronal plane or section is another term for a A. B. ANS: D REF: MCS: 10 31. A. B. C. D. ANS: B REF: MCS: 10 32. A. B. C. D. PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities Which is not a part of the upper abdominopelvic region? right hypochondriac region epigastric region hypogastric region All of the above are part of the upper abdominopelvic region. ANS: C REF: MCS: 11 TRUE/FALS E 7 | P a g e sagittal midsagittal PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Planes of body sections The muscular sheet called the diaphragm divides the right and left pleural cavities thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavities abdominal and pelvic cavities thoracic cavity and mediastinum DIF: Memorization plane. transverse frontal D. superficial ventralPTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Body cavities 1. ANS: T REF: MCS: P T S : 1 D I F : M e m o r i z a t i o n T O P : I n t r o d u c t 8 | P a g e Anatomy is defined as the study of the structure of an organism. 3i o n 2. The word “dissection” comes from Greek words meaning “cutting up.” ANS: F REF: MCS: 3 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Introduction 3. Anatomy deals with the study of structure, whereas physiology deals with the study of function. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: MCS: 3 | MCS: 6 DIF: Memorization TOP: Introduction 4. ANS: T REF: MCS: 6 5. ANS: F Pathology is the scientific study of disease. PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction A protein molecule is considered to be at the cellular level of organization. PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 6. DIF: Analysis REF: MCS: 7 The cell is the simplest level of organization in the human body. ANS: F REF: MCS: 7 7. function in the body. ANS: T REF: PTS: 1 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization Cells are considered to be the smallest living unit of structure and MCS: 8 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization 8. A group of cells working together to perform a specific function is called an organ. ANS: F REF: MCS: 8 PTS: 1 9 | P a g e DIF: DIF: MemorizationMemorization TOP: Structural levels of organization 9. A group of several different tissues working together to perform a specific function is called an organ. ANS: T 8 REF: MCS: P T S : 1 D I F : M e m o r i z a t i o n T O P : S t r u c t u r a l l 10 | P a g e rganizatione v e l s o f o 10. The organ is the highest level of organization in the human body. ANS: F REF: MCS: 7 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization 11. Anatomical position is the reference position for the directional terms of the body. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical position 12. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 If you like to sleep on your stomach, you prefer sleeping in the supine position. ANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical position 13. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 Doctors recommend putting babies to sleep on their backs to help prevent breathing problems. This is the supine position. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical position 14. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The anatomical position can be described as the body being erect with the arms held at shoulder level with the palms of the hands facing down. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 9 15. ANS: T TOP: Anatomical position The ankle is inferior to the knee. PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 16. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 Dorsal and anterior are interchangeable terms when referring to humans. 11 | P a g eANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 9 17. ANS: F TOP: Anatomical direction The lungs are medial to the heart. PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 18. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The elbow is proximal to the wrist. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 19. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The skin is superficial to the muscles. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 20. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 Proximal and medial are opposite terms. ANS: F REF: MCS: 9 21. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction The knee is distal to the ankle. PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 22. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The middle toe is medial to the big toe but lateral to the smallest toe. ANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 23. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 Frontal and coronal sections refer to the same thing. ANS: T REF: MCS: 10 24. ANS: F REF: MCS: 10 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Planes or body sections Sagittal and midsagittal sections refer to the same thing. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Planes or body sections 25. A plane dividing a body into upper and lower portions is a transverse plane. ANS: T 12 | P a g e PTS: 1 DIF:Memorization REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Planes or body sections 26. A plane dividing the body into front and back portions is a sagittal plane. ANS: F REF: MCS: 10 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Planes or body sections 27. A midsagittal plane divides the right shoulder from the left shoulder. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Planes or body sections 28. A transverse plane divides the eyes from the back of the head. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Planes or body sections 29. A frontal section divides the eyes from the back of the head. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Planes or body sections 30. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 The ventral cavity is one of the main cavities of the body. ANS: T REF: MCS: 10 31. ANS: F REF: MCS: 10 32. ANS: T REF: MCS: 10 33. ANS: T TOP: Body cavities 34. PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities The mediastinum is a subdivision of the abdominal cavity. PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities The pleural cavities are subdivisions of the thoracic cavity. PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities The abdominal cavity is inferior to the thoracic cavity. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity are separated by a muscle called the diaphragm. ANS: F REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 10 13 | P a g e TOP: Body cavities DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization35. The thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity are separated by a muscle called the diaphragm. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: MCS: 11 TOP: Body cavities 36. The right hypochondriac region is completely in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities 37. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 11 The left hypochondriac region is completely in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen. ANS: F TOP: Body cavities 38. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 11 The right lumbar region is superior to the right iliac region. ANS: T TOP: Body cavities 39. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 11 The dorsal cavity includes the spinal cavity. ANS: T REF: MCS: 11 40. ANS: T REF: MCS: 15 PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities The brain is located in the dorsal cavity. PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities 41. Homeostasis is the relative consistency of the internal environment of the body. ANS: T PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 15 body functions 42. DIF: TOP: The balance of One method the body has of maintaining homeostasis is a positive feedback loop. ANS: F REF: PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization MCS: 15 14 | P a g e TOP: The balance of body functions DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization43. In a feedback loop, the part of the system that compares the actual condition to the controlled condition is called the sensor. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 15 TOP: The balance of body functions 44. In a feedback loop, the part of the system that effects a change in the controlled condition is called the effector. ANS: T REF: PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization MCS: 15 45. TOP: The balance of body functions In a feedback loop, the part of the system that detects a change in the controlled condition is called the sensor. ANS: T PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 16 DIF: TOP: The balance of body functions 46. A negative feedback loop stimulates and amplifies a change in the internal environment. ANS: F PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 16 DIF: TOP: The balance of body functions 47. A negative feedback loop opposes or negates a change in the internal environment. ANS: T REF: MCS: 16 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: The balance of body functions 48. ANS: F REF: MCS: 16 49. ANS: F The body has more positive feedback loops than negative feedback loops. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: The balance of body functions The formation of a blood clot is an example of a negative feedback loop. PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 50. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 16 The pH of the body must remain within a very narrow range. It would more likely be controlled by a negative feedback loop. 15 | P a g eANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 16 TOP: The balance of body functions 51. Women have one more positive feedback loop than do men. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 52. DIF: Synthesis REF: MCS: 10 Both the heart and the blood vessels are considered to be organs in the cardiovascular system. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 53. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 An “L” on an anatomical compass rosette can stand for “Left” or “Lateral” depending on what is opposite it. ANS: T REF: PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization MCS: 10 TOP: Anatomical direction 54. An “S” on an anatomical compass rosette can stand for “Superior” or “Supine” depending on what is opposite it. ANS: F REF: PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization MCS: 10 55. TOP: Anatomical direction When you look at an anatomical compass rosette in the text, the “R” on the rosette is on your right side. ANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction MATCHING Match each term with its corresponding definition or description. A. chemical level B. C. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 16 | P a g e cellular level tissue level D. E. F. the smallest “living” part of the body a word used to denote a living thing level that includes atoms and molecules level made up of groups of tissues working together to perform a task level that is the most complex unit that makes up the body level that is made up of a group of cells working together to perform a task organ level system level organism DIF: Application REF: MCS: 71. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: MCS: 7 2. REF: MCS: 7 3. REF: MCS: 7 4. REF: MCS: 7 5. REF: MCS: 7 6. REF: MCS: 10 TOP: ANS: Structural levels of organization F PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of ANS: organization A TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: Structural levels of organization D Structural levels of organization E Structural levels of organization C PTS: 1 PTS: 1 PTS: 1 PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization Match each term with its corresponding definition or description. A. superior B. C. D. E. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 7. REF: MCS: 9 8. REF: MCS: 9 17 | P a g e anterior medial proximal superficial nearer to the surface of the body toward the head or above toward the midline of the body away from the trunk or point of origin toward the feet or below toward the back farther away from the surface of the body toward the side toward the front nearest to the trunk or point of origin ANS: E TOP: Anatomical ANS: direction A TOP: Anatomical PTS: 1 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization F. G. H. I. J. inferior posterior lateral distal deep DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization9. ANS: direction C REF: MCS: 9 10. TOP: ANS: Anatomical direction I PTS: 1 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization 18 | P a g eREF: MCS: 9 11. REF: MCS: 9 12. REF: MCS: 10 13. REF: MCS: 9 14. REF: MCS: 9 15. REF: MCS: 9 16. REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Anatomical ANS: direction F TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: Anatomical direction G Anatomical direction J PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 PTS: Anatomical direction H PTS: Anatomical direction B PTS: Anatomical direction D PTS: TOP: Anatomical direction Match each term with its corresponding definition or description. A. frontal plane B. C. D. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 17. REF: MCS: 11 18. REF: MCS: 10 19. 19 | P a g e transverse plane sagittal plane diaphragm E. F. G. H. thoracic cavity abdominopelvic cavity cranial cavity mediastinum a muscular sheet dividing the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities the lower part of the ventral body cavity divides the body into right and left sides part of the dorsal cavity that contains the brain divides the body into upper and lower parts a subdivision of the thoracic cavity divides the body into front and rear parts cavity that is subdivided into pleural cavities ANS: TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS D Body cavities F Body cavities C PTS: PTS: 1 1 DIF: DIF: Memorization Memorization 1 1 0 0 DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization: 20 | P a g eREF: MCS: 10 20. REF: MCS: 10 21. REF: MCS: 10 22. REF: MCS: 10 23. REF: MCS: 3 24. REF: MCS: 7 SHORT ANSWER 1. TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : Planes or body sections G Body cavities B Planes or body sections H Body cavities A Planes or body sections E TOP: Body cavities PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization Explain the difference between anatomy and physiology. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 9 2. Name and explain the structural levels of organization of the body and give an example of each. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 TOP: Structural levels of organization 3. Describe the anatomical position. ANS: 21 | P a g eAnswers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Anatomical position 4. Define or explain the words “prone” and “supine.” ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization 10 TOP: Anatomical position 5. Name and describe the three planes or body sections. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 16 TOP: 6. DIF: Planes Memorization or body cavities REF: MCS: Name the two major body cavities and describe what is in each. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 16 TOP: Body cavities 7. DIF: Memorization Explain the three parts of a negative feedback loop. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization 16 TOP: The balance of body functions 8. REF: MCS: What is meant by a negative feedback loop? Give an example of a negative feedback loop in the body. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1