Life: The Science of Biology, Ninth Edition Sadava • Hillis • Heller • Berenbaum CH 19 Differential Gene Expression in Development

1. Which of the following statements about stem cell treatments is false? a. Until about 1990, no stem cell treatments were available for humans. b. Stem cells can be gathered from adipose (fatty) tissue. c. Stem cells are always in the process of actively dividing. d. Connective tissue often arises from mesenchymal stem cells. e. All of the above are true; none is false. Answer: a Textbook Reference: 19.0 On track with stem cells Page: 405 Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding 2. Which of the following properties is required for an organism to undergo development? a. It must be diploid during some part of its life cycle. b. It must be multicellular during some part of its life cycle. c. The embryo must be contained within a protective structure during some part of its life cycle. d. All of the above e. None of the above Answer: b Textbook Reference: 19.1 What Are the Processes of Development? Page: 406 Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding 3. A structure that enables an embryo to feed directly from its mother is called a a. zygote. b. seed. c. stem cell. d. placenta. e. morphogen. Answer: d Textbook Reference: 19.1 What Are the Processes of Development? Page: 406 Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 4. The process by which the developmental fate of a cell is set is called a. determination. b. morphogenesis. c. differentiation. d. induction. e. totipotency. Answer: a Textbook Reference: 19.1 What Are the Processes of Development? Page: 406 Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 5. Which of the following statements about the processes of development is true? a. Morphogenesis requires prior differentiation. b. Determination requires prior differentiation. c. Differentiation requires prior determination. d. Both a and c e. None of the above Answer: d Textbook Reference: 19.1 What Are the Processes of Development? Page: 406 Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding 6. Which of the following statements about developmental processes is true? a. Biologists usually can observe determination via microscopic studies. b. Differentiation is usually followed by determination. c. Differentiation consists of the actual biochemical, structural, and functional changes of a cell. d. All of the above e. None of the above Answer: c Textbook Reference: 19.1 What Are the Processes of Development? Page: 406 Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding 7. Differentiated cells in the process of forming the liver of a mouse provide an example of a. differentiation. b. determination. c. apoptosis. d. induction. e. morphogenesis. Answer: e Textbook Reference: 19.1 What Are the Processes of Development? Page: 406 Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding 8. Which of the following statements is true? a. Apoptosis is important only in animal development. b. Apoptosis is important only in plant development. c. In plant development, cells are constrained by cell walls and normally do not move. d. In plant development, cell expansion is often slow to begin. e. Both a and c Answer: c Textbook Reference: 19.1 What Are the Processes of Development? Page: 406–407 Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 9. Which of the following statements is false? a. The fate of a cell can be determined by morphogenesis. b. Differential gene expression plays an important role in determining cell fate. c. Throughout development, especially in animals, the range of possible cell fates becomes progressively more restricted. d. The developmental potential of early embryonic cells is greater than their actual fates. e. All of the above are true; none is false. Answer: e Textbook Reference: 19.1 What Are the Processes of Development? Page: 407 Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding 10. Which of the following techniques or studies would be most useful in testing the hypothesis that “The fate of the cells in an early fish embryo is irrevocably determined”? a. Monitoring gene expression in the cells and looking for differences in cells in different regions b. Transplanting cells from one region to another c. Examining structural differences among cells in different regions by means of a light microscope d. Using nuclear transfer procedures e. Observing whether the cells are undergoing apoptosis Answer: b Textbook Reference: 19.1 What Are the Processes of Development? Page: 408 Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding