STR Exam 2023 with complete solution

STR Exam 2023 with complete solution Phonology The study of sound patterns and their meaning, it observes sound patterns across a language (Ex. Phonetics how the letter t in the word tip is spoken) Morphology The study of words, the structure of words (ex. Stems, prefixes, suffixes) Syntax The formation of words into sentences (Ex. subject + verb + direct object formula) Lexicon The set of meaningful vocabulary in a language (ex. A dictionary) Semantics study of meaning. Ex.) destination and last stop. (They mean the same thing) Phonemes Smallest unit of sound (ex. letter sounds, "c") Phonological Awareness identifying and manipulating oral language. (sound structure of words) Morpheme - The smallest unit of language (ex. Prefix like pre, or suffix like -ed) Syllables Sound units in language that include a vowel typically surrounded by a consonant. Ex.) "book" - 1 syllable, "reading" 2 syllables R Controlled Syllables A syllable with a vowel which is controlled by the letter "r" or the /r/ sound. Ex.) Tar, far, car, bar, star Onset the initial phonological unit of any word (c in cat) Rime refers to the string of letters that follow (example: at in cat) Blending a way of decoding words and building the different sounds together. (ex. Breakfast and lunch to brunch or m-o-m- to mom) Segmenting this involves hearing a word and splitting it up into phonemes, into individual sounds (example: r-u-n) Substitution in a Running Record the student substitutes a word in the text for another word and replaces the original word (Example: child reads went instead of want in text without correcting themselves) Omission in a Running Record the students leave out a word or a phrase in a sentence when reading it. Example: In the sentence, "The family went to the park.", the student leaves out the "the" in the sentence reading " The family went to park." Addition in a Running Record The student adds in a word or phrase in the text that wasn't there. (EX: The dog ran in the park. The student reads 'The dog ran fast in the park.') Graphemes