CNSC Exam Latest Update Already Graded A

CNSC Exam Latest Update Already Graded A First Line Therapy for Hyperkalemia calcium gluconate Total Body Water Composition 2/3 Intracellular, 1/3 Extracellular (1/4 intravascular, 3/4 Interstitial) % Body weight water (male/female) 60% Male/50% Female Respiratory Quotient Definition Ratio of CO2 production to O2 consumption Hang time for blenderized/reconstituted formula 4 hours How often should micro-nutrient assessment be completed in the long-term PN patient? every 6 months Closed system hang time 24-48 hrs Open System hang time (home vs hospital) Home - 12 hours Hospital - 8 hours Max Daily Dose of ILE 2.5 g/kg/d Minimum ILE to prevent EFAD in infants 0.5-1 g/kg/day pH of dextrose solutions acidic 3.5-6.5 What factors increase calcium-phosphorus precipitation? Warmer temperature Lower amino acid amounts Use of calcium chloride Filter size for 2-in-1 forumlations 0.22 micro meter What is the smallest pore size you can use for TNA? 1.22 micro meter What is the size of fat particles? 0.1-1 micro meter What is Glycerol? A sugar alcohol that provides 4.3 kcal/kg; a component of one SCAPN for peripheral use Amino acid to nitrogen conversion 6.25 g amino acid = 1 g nitrogen Which two commercially available AA solutions contain phosphate? FreeAmine III; Heptamine (10 mmoll/L) Max infusion rate for ILE infusion 0.11 k/kg/h Preferred forms of calcium and magnesium calcium gluconate and magnesium sulfate ASPEN recommended changes to trace elements in TPN Decreased Copper (0.3->0.5 mg/d) Decrease manganese to 55 mcg/d Increase selenium (60-100 mcg/d) Eliminate chromium or max 1 mcg/d Keep Copper contamination < 0.1 mg/d Cu and 40 mcg/d Mn Carnitine a nonessential, nonprotein amino acid made in the body from lysine that helps transport fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane Iron recommendation for pre-term infants 2-4 mg/kg/d Max Osmolality for Infant Formula 460 mOsm/kg Max GIR for term infant 14-18 mg/kg/min Cysteine dose for neonatal TPN 30-40 mg/g of AA Selenium recommendation for term infant PN 2 mg/kg/d Beneficence The fundamental obligation of a healthcare professional to seek the good of the patient above all other priorities Autonomy The individual's right to self-determination in healthcare decision making; the predominant value in American bioethics and law Patient-self Determination Act A federal law passed in 1990 that requires hospitals and other health care providers to provide written information to patients regarding their rights under state law to make medical decisions and execute advance directives. Justice Fairness; in healthcare, justice involves the equitable treatment of clinically similar patients with a sole focus on clinically relevant factors Deontology ethics of duty, rightness or wrongness depends on the intentions of the agent, not on the consequences Ex. ANH must be provided to all patients including those who are potentially in PVS Utilitarianism idea that consequences, not intentions determine