Fundamentals of Nursing Hygiene 2023/2024 updated to pass

Fundamentals of Nursing HygieneExplain the three primary layers of the skin: - correct answer Epidermis: The outer layer - these cells *shield underlying tissue* against water loss and injury and prevent entry of disease-producing microorganisms. Dermis: The second layer - bundles of collagen and elastic fibers form the thicker dermis that underlies and supports the epidermis. Nerve fibers, blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles run through the dermal layers. Subcutaneous: This tissue layer contains blood vessels, nerves, lymph, and loose connective tissue filled with fat cells. The fatty tissue functions as a heat insulator for the body. Subcutaneous tissue also supports upper skin layers to withstand stresses and pressure without injury and anchors the skin loosely to underlying structures such as muscle. Identify the functions of the skin: (4) - correct answer a. Protection b. Sensation c. Temperature regulation d. Excretion and secretion - Feet, hands, and nails require special attention to prevent: The condition of a patient's hands and feet influences his or her ability to perform: - correct answer - infection, odor, and injury. - hygiene care The _____________ is transparent, smooth, and convex, with a pink nail bed and a translucent white tip. - correct answer normal nail The oral cavity is lined with _______________________. - Normal oral mucosa is light pink, soft, moist, smooth, and without lesions. - Medications, exposure to radiation, and mouth breathing can impair _______________________ - *Xerostomia*= - *Gingivitis*= - *Dental caries*= - correct answer - mucous membranes - salivary secretion. - dry mouth - inflammation of the gums - tooth decay Hair growth, distribution, and pattern indicate general health status. - correct answer - Hormonal changes, nutrition, emotional stress, physical stress, aging, infection, and other illnesses can affect *hair characteristics*. - The shaft itself is lifeless, and physiological factors do not directly affect it. - However, hormonal and nutrient deficiencies of the hair follicle cause changes in hair color or condition. Eyes, Ears & Nose - correct answer - When hygiene care is provided, the eyes, ears, and nose require careful attention. - Clean the sensitive sensory tissues in a way that prevents injury and discomfort for a patient, such as by taking care to not get soap in his or her eyes. - The sense of smell is an important aid to appetite. During hygiene, assess: - correct answer - Emotional status - Health promotion practices - Health care education needs Identify the factors that influence hygiene: (8) - correct answer a. Social practices b. Personal preference c. Body image d. Socioeconomic status e. Health beliefs and motivation