DAANCE TEST EXAM (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS;2023/2024

DAANCE TEST EXAM (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS;2023/2024 Addison's disease - CORRECT ANSWER-A disease due to hyposecretion of glucocorticoids, characterized by low blood pressure, diarrhea, digestive disturbance, and a bronzelike pigmentation of the skin Adjunctive agents - CORRECT ANSWER-Agents that supplement the primary anesthetic agents to augment or enhance the effects of the primary agent Allergenicity - CORRECT ANSWER-Having the property of an allergen, a substance that will elicit an allergic response in sensitive individuals Alveolus (plural: alveoli) - CORRECT ANSWER-A small air sac within the body of the lung Amide - CORRECT ANSWER-A chemical structure derived from ammonia; there is a group of amide local anesthetics that are widely used in dentistry (eg, lidocaine, mepivacaine, prilocaine, bupivacaine). Amnesia - CORRECT ANSWER-Failure to remember events related to surgery Analgesia - CORRECT ANSWER-Insensitivity to pain Anaphylaxis - CORRECT ANSWER-A severe allergic reaction marked by any of several severe responses, including skin reactions, smooth muscle cramping, urinary incontinence, construction of bronchioles, respiratory difficulty, and cardiovascular collapse Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER-A reduction in the number of red blood cells in the bloodstream Angina pectoris - CORRECT ANSWER-Pain in the chest, with a feeling of suffocation, usually due to deficiency of blood supply to the myocardium Antecubital - CORRECT ANSWER-Situated in front of the elbow Antecubital fossa - CORRECT ANSWER-The depression between the forearm and the upper arm that is literally "in front of the elbow" Anticholinergic - CORRECT ANSWER-A drug that counteracts the action of acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system and thereby blocks the action of the parasympathetic nerves Antiemetic - CORRECT ANSWER-A drug that counteracts nausea and vomiting Antisialagogue - CORRECT ANSWER-A drug that counteracts the production of saliva Anxiolytic - CORRECT ANSWER-Drugs that reduce anxiety, agitation, or tension (eg, Valium, midazolam) Aorta - CORRECT ANSWER-The main trunk (a very large artery) from which the arterial system proceeds Apnea - CORRECT ANSWER-Absence or cessation of breathing Arrest rhythms - CORRECT ANSWER-Cardiac rhythms in which there is cardiac arrest. Some arrest rhythms such as pulseless ventricular tachycardia are accompanied by a rhythm display, but there is no contraction Arrhythmia - CORRECT ANSWER-Any variation from the normal rhythm of the heartbeat Arteriole - CORRECT ANSWER-Any of the very small arterial branches located at the end of an artery (furthest from the heart) Artery - CORRECT ANSWER-A vessel that varies blood away from the heart to other parts of the body Ascites - CORRECT ANSWER-Accumulation of the serous fluid in the abdominal cavity Asystole - CORRECT ANSWER-Cardiac arrest in which there is no rhythm display and no contraction Ataractics - CORRECT ANSWER-Pharmacologic agents that produce a tranquilizing effect Atherosclerosis - CORRECT ANSWER-A disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of plaques of fatty material on their inner walls Atrial fibrillation - CORRECT ANSWER-Atrial arrhythmia characterized by rapid randomized contractions of the atrial myocardium, causing a totally irregular and often rapid ventricular rate Atrial flutter - CORRECT ANSWER-A condition of cardiac arrhythmia in which the atrial contractions are rapid (200 to 320 per minute) Atrial (supraventricular) rhythms - CORRECT ANSWER-Dysrythmias in which the pacemaker is in the atria above the level of the ventricles (supraventricular) are