NSG 533 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 3 | latest 2023/24 with complete solution | GRADED A+

NSG 533 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 3 | latest 2023/24 with complete solution | GRADED A+ List the novel risk factors for CAD 1) markers of inflammation, ischemia, and thrombosis (elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein, troponin, fibrinogen) 2) adipokines (leptin, adiponectin) 3) CKD 4) air pollution and ionizing radiation 5) medications (NSAIDs) 6) coronary artery calcification and carotid wall thickness and 7) microbiome 8) small dense LDL particles and lipoprotein(a) 9) Hyperhomocysteinemia List nonmodifiable risk factors for CAD Advanced age, male gender or woman after menopause, and family history (genetics, shared environmental exposure). List modifiable risk factors for CAD Dyslipidemia, hypertension, cigarette smoking, diabetes and insulin resistance, obesity and sedentary lifestyle, and an atherogenic diet. How does dyslipidemia contribute to CAD? High levels of LDL in the bloodstream leads to LDL oxidation, migration into the vessel wall, and phagocytosis by macrophages, all key steps in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis A chronic inflammatory condition that results in damage to the arteries. Thickening and