EXSS 181 EXAM 1 (MOTIVATION) CH.3 and (ANXIETY, STRESS, AND AROUSAL) Questions With Correct Answers!!

motivation - the direction and intensity of effort interpretations or explanations individuals give for success or failure. why you think you were successful or unsuccessful - attributions motivation is influenced by attributions. commonly cited reasons for perceived success and failure -personal ability -personal effort -opponent's ability -opponent's effort -luck -referee decisions -facility conditions -weather - attribution theory stability, locus of causality, locus of control - 3 characteristic of attributions. STABILITY --stable --> greater expectation of the same outcome happening again --unstable--> lower expectation of the same outcome happening again CAUSALITY--internal--> greater pride (for success); greater shame (for failure) --external--> lower pride (for success) lower shame (for failure)CONTROL --in one's control--> leads to higher motivation --out of one's control--leads to lower motivation - 3 characteristics of attributes and its affects on psychological outcomes CONTROL - which characteristic of attributions is most linked with motivation? self-serving bias - making attributes that help you increase or maintain your self-esteem and confidence for success: internal and stable for failure: external and unstable learned helplessness - a psychological state where people have learned that failure is inevitable and out of their control (tend to attribute failure to uncontrollable, stable causes) 1. people are motivated to demonstrate competence 2. motivation is influenced by personal meaning one assigns to perceived success and failure (2 main ways to define--relative to other people or relative to your own past performance success/failure) EGO/OUTCOME or TASK/MASTERY - Achievement Goal Theory underlying assumptions.. research article going along with achievement goal theory (Duda, Descas, Gautheur) researched handball players and found that perceived ego-involvement climates and low sense of competence are risk factors for burnout. less. ego/outcome basis of success - when success is defined in terms relative to others. (winning, beating an opponent) success is ____ in the participant's . task/mastery - when success is defined in terms relative to past performances...success is _____ in participants control. (more/less) TASK AND EGO PERSPECTIVES ARE INDEPENDENT - TASK AND EGO PERSPECITVES ARE INDEPENDENT research has shown links between the way that people evaluate success/failure in a particular task at a particular moment in time, and their motivational, emotional, and behavioral outcomes. - research has shown links between the way that people evaluate success/failure in a particular task at a particular moment in time (relative to others or self) and hit motivational, emotional and behavioral outcomes. higher levels of effort, persist in the face of failure, problem solving major priority, learning opportunity - task-goal INVOLVEMENT