NR 224 Fundamentals Exam 1 Questions and Answers with complete solution

Infection - is the invasion of a susceptible host by pathogens or microorganisms, resulting in disease. Entry and multiplication of organisms result in disease Colonization - occurs when a microorganism invades the host but does not cause infection Communicable Disease - is the infectious disease transmitted from one person to another. If pathogens multiply and cause clinical signs and symptoms.... - the infection is symptomatic If clinical signs and symptoms are not present.. - the illness is asymptomatic ***Most important technique to use in preventing and controlling transmission of infection is.... - HAND HYGIENE! ***Chain of Infection - 1)Infectious agent or pathogen 2)Reservoir or source for pathogen growth 3)Portal of exit 4)Mode of transmission 5)Portal of entry 6)Susceptible host Direct contact - Person to person OR Person to source Indirect contact - Person to inanimate object Droplet contact - Coughing, Sneezing, Talking (Lg particle only 3 ft)Airborne - Droplet nuclei or residue suspended in air or carried on dust particles Vehicles - Food, water, drugs and solutions, blood, fomites Vector - -External transfer -Internal Transmission (parasitic) Mosquito, louse, flea, tick Immunocompromised - means having an impaired immune system. Virulence - is the ability to produce disease Aerobic Bacteria - require oxygen for survival and for multiplication sufficient to cause disease.