BIOL 2400 Final Exam Questions With Answers Latest 2023/2024 (100% Verified)
BIOL 2400 Final Exam Questions With Answers Latest 2023/2024 (100% Verified). You are studying a population of deer mice Peromyscus maniculus in Algonquin Park. You are interested in whether there is a heritable component to body weight and to running speed for a sprint of 30 metres. You trap wild mice for two generations and estimate that for this population: Table 1. Phenotypic statistics and heritability for a deer mouse population. Trait mean variance h 2 N body weight (g) 30.0 10.7 0.37a 400 Sprint speed (ms-1) 10 4.0 0.61 a 400 a Narrow sense heritability from the slope of a linear regression with the average offspring value as the y value and the average value for their parents as the x value. a) Which trait has the larger phenotypic variance? b) Calculate which trait has a larger additive genetic variance. (Assume that the phenotypic variances are similar in the laboratory and in the field and that the trait has the same genetic basis in both environments). Recall: h2 = VA / V P For body weight: From Table: mean body weight = 30 g, phenotypic variance, V P, = 10.7, h2 = 0.37 Therefore : VA = 3.959 For sprint speed mean sprint speed = 10 ms-1 , V P = 4.0, h2 = 0.61 Therefore: VA = 2.44 Body weight has a larger additive (=heritable) genetic variance than sprint speed. c) Your summer’s trapping data shows that there was intense selection for decreased body size (S, the selection differential is −1.271) likely because of changes in predator abundance. Use this estimate of S and the data from the Table 1 above to predict what the mean body size would be after one generation of directional selection. Recall: R = h2 S. Note that the selection differential, S = 1.271 − (It is negative because the mice are getting lighter). After one generation: R = (0.37)( 1.271) − R = 0.47 − g per generation Also recall that:
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