Pathophysiology Chapter 16 - Test Bank
What kind of control mechanism is indicated when increased blood glucose levels stimulate
increased secretion of insulin?
A) Control by releasing hormones
B) Control by tropic hormones
C) Negative feedback control
D) Hypothalamus/hypophysis coordination - ANSC
What is the most common cause of endocrine disorders?
A) Malignant neoplasm
B) Infection
C) Congenital defect
D) Benign tumor - ANSD
Choose the statement that applies to type 1 diabetes mellitus.
A) Onset often occurs during childhood.
B) Relative insufficiency of insulin or insulin resistance develops.
C) It can be treated by diet, weight control and exercise, or oral hypoglycemics.
D) Complications rarely occur. - ANSA
Why does polyuria develop with diabetes mellitus?
A) Increased thirst and hypoglycemia
B) Ketoacidosis
C) Osmotic pressure due to glucose
D) Diabetic nephropathy - ANSC
What is the cause of diabetic ketoacidosis?
A) Excess insulin in the body
B) Loss of glucose in the urine
C) Failure of the kidney to excrete sufficient acids
D) Increased catabolism of fats and proteins - ANSD
What is a precipitating factor for diabetic ketoacidosis?
A) Skipping a meal
B) Anorexia
C) Serious infection
D) Insulin overdose - ANSC
Which of the following may cause insulin shock to develop?
A) Strenuous exercise
B) Missing an insulin dose
, C) Eating excessively large meals
D) Sedentary lifestyle - ANSA
Which of the following indicates hypoglycemia in a diabetic?
A) Deep, rapid respirations
B) Flushed dry skin and mucosa
C) Thirst and oliguria
D) Staggering gait, disorientation, and confusion - ANSD
Which of the following are signs of diabetic ketoacidosis in an unconscious person?
A) Pale moist skin
B) Thirst and poor skin turgor
C) Deep rapid respirations and fruity breath odor
D) Tremors and strong rapid pulse - ANSC
What causes loss of consciousness in a person with diabetic ketoacidosis?
A) Toxic effects of excessive insulin
B) Excessive glucose in the blood
C) Metabolic acidosis
D) Lack of glucose in brain cells - ANSC
Which of the following does NOT usually develop as a complication of diabetes?
A) Osteoporosis
B) Nephropathy
C) Impotence
D) Peripheral neuropathy - ANSA
Diabetes may cause visual impairment through damage to the lens; this is referred to as:
A) cataracts.
B) macular degeneration.
C) myopia.
D) strabismus. - ANSA
Which of the following applies to diabetic macro-angiography?
1. It affects the small arteries and arterioles.
2. It is related to elevated serum lipids.
3. It leads to increased risk of myocardial infarction and peripheral vascular disease.
4. It frequently causes damage to the kidneys.
A) 1, 3
B) 1, 4
C) 2, 3
D) 2, 4 - ANSC
Why is amputation frequently a necessity in diabetics?
What kind of control mechanism is indicated when increased blood glucose levels stimulate
increased secretion of insulin?
A) Control by releasing hormones
B) Control by tropic hormones
C) Negative feedback control
D) Hypothalamus/hypophysis coordination - ANSC
What is the most common cause of endocrine disorders?
A) Malignant neoplasm
B) Infection
C) Congenital defect
D) Benign tumor - ANSD
Choose the statement that applies to type 1 diabetes mellitus.
A) Onset often occurs during childhood.
B) Relative insufficiency of insulin or insulin resistance develops.
C) It can be treated by diet, weight control and exercise, or oral hypoglycemics.
D) Complications rarely occur. - ANSA
Why does polyuria develop with diabetes mellitus?
A) Increased thirst and hypoglycemia
B) Ketoacidosis
C) Osmotic pressure due to glucose
D) Diabetic nephropathy - ANSC
What is the cause of diabetic ketoacidosis?
A) Excess insulin in the body
B) Loss of glucose in the urine
C) Failure of the kidney to excrete sufficient acids
D) Increased catabolism of fats and proteins - ANSD
What is a precipitating factor for diabetic ketoacidosis?
A) Skipping a meal
B) Anorexia
C) Serious infection
D) Insulin overdose - ANSC
Which of the following may cause insulin shock to develop?
A) Strenuous exercise
B) Missing an insulin dose
, C) Eating excessively large meals
D) Sedentary lifestyle - ANSA
Which of the following indicates hypoglycemia in a diabetic?
A) Deep, rapid respirations
B) Flushed dry skin and mucosa
C) Thirst and oliguria
D) Staggering gait, disorientation, and confusion - ANSD
Which of the following are signs of diabetic ketoacidosis in an unconscious person?
A) Pale moist skin
B) Thirst and poor skin turgor
C) Deep rapid respirations and fruity breath odor
D) Tremors and strong rapid pulse - ANSC
What causes loss of consciousness in a person with diabetic ketoacidosis?
A) Toxic effects of excessive insulin
B) Excessive glucose in the blood
C) Metabolic acidosis
D) Lack of glucose in brain cells - ANSC
Which of the following does NOT usually develop as a complication of diabetes?
A) Osteoporosis
B) Nephropathy
C) Impotence
D) Peripheral neuropathy - ANSA
Diabetes may cause visual impairment through damage to the lens; this is referred to as:
A) cataracts.
B) macular degeneration.
C) myopia.
D) strabismus. - ANSA
Which of the following applies to diabetic macro-angiography?
1. It affects the small arteries and arterioles.
2. It is related to elevated serum lipids.
3. It leads to increased risk of myocardial infarction and peripheral vascular disease.
4. It frequently causes damage to the kidneys.
A) 1, 3
B) 1, 4
C) 2, 3
D) 2, 4 - ANSC
Why is amputation frequently a necessity in diabetics?
