NCLEX Leadership and Management Test Bank, Complete Solution 2022

NCLEX Leadership and Management Test Bank Autocratic Leadership Centralized decision-making style with the leader making decisions and using power to command and control others Bureaucratic Organization Hierarchy with clear superior-subordinate communication and relationships, based on positional authority, in which orders from the top are transmitted down through the organization via a clear chain of command Consideration Activities that focus on the employee and emphasize relating and getting along with people Contingency Theory Style that acknowledges that other factors in the environment influence outcomes as much as leadership style and that leader effectiveness is contingent upon or depends upon something other than the leader's behavior Democratic Leadership Style in which participation is encouraged and authority is delegated to others Emotional Intelligence Component of leadership and refers to the capacity for recognizing your own feelings and those of others, for motivating yourself, and for managing emotions well in yourself and in your relationships. Employee-Centered Leadership Style with a focus on the human needs of subordinates Formal Leadership When a person is in a position of authority or in a sanctioned role within an organization that connotes influence Hawthorne effect Term coined to reflect the findings of a research study that demonstrated that change in employee behavior occurs as a result of being observed informal leader Individual who demonstrates leadership outside the scope of a formal leadership role or as a member of a group rather than as the head or leader of the group initiating structure style that involves an emphasis on the work to be done a focus on the task and production job-centered leaders Style that focuses on schedules, cost, and efficiency with less attention to developing work groups and high-performance groups knowledge workers health care professionals who are well educated and technologically savvy and see themselves as owning their intellectual capital laissez-faire leadership Passive and permissive style in which the leader defers decision making leader-member relations Feelings and attitudes of followers regarding acceptance, trust, and credibility of the leader leadership Process of influence whereby the leader influences other toward goal achievement maintenance or hygiene factors Elements such as salary, job security, working conditions, status, quality of supervision, and relationships with others that prevent job dissatisfaction management Process of coordinating actions and allocating resources to achieve organizational goals management process Function of planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling motivation Whatever influences our choices and creates direction, intensity, and persistence in our behavior motivation factors Elements such as achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement, and the opportunity for development that contribute to job satisfaction position power Degree of formal authority and influence associated with the leaders substitutes for leadership Variable that may influence or have an effect on followers to the same extent as the leader's behavior task structure Involves the degree that work is defined, with specific procedures, explicit directions and goals taxonomy System that orders principles into a grouping or classification Theory X View that in bureaucratic organizations, employees prefer security, direction, and minimal responsibility; coercion, threats, or punishment are necessary because people do not like the work to be done Theory Y View that in the context of the right conditions, people enjoy their work, they can show self-control and discipline, are able to contribute creatively and are motivated by ties to the group, the organization, and the work itself; belief that people are intrinsically motivated by their work Theory Z View of collective decision making and a focus on long term employment that involves less direct supervision transactional leader traditional manager concerned with day-to-day operations transformational leader Leader who is committed to a vision that empowers others Hawthorne effect phenomena of how being observed or studied results in a change in behavior NEGLIGENT ACTS *Medication errors that result in injury to the client *IV administration errors: incorrect flow rates; failure to monitor a flow rate that results in injury *Falls that occur as a result of failure to provide safety *Failure to check equipment for proper functioning *Burns sustains as a result of failure to monitor bath temperature or equipment *Failure to monitor client's condition *Failure to report changes in client's condition to HCP *Failure to provide complete end of shift report NEGLIGENCE *Conduct that falls below the standard of care *Can include acts of commission and omission *A nurse who does not meet standards of care can be held liable MALPRACTICE *Negligence on the part of a nurse *Determined if the nurse owed a duty to the client & did not carry out the duty and the client was injured PROOF OF LIABILITY *DUTY: At the time of injury, a duty existed between the plaintiff & the defendant *BREACH OF DUTY: The defendant breached duty of care *PROXIMATE CAUSE: The breach of duty was the legal cause of injury to the client *DAMAGE/INJURY: The plaintiff experienced injury or damages or both & can be compensated by law LEGAL RISK AREAS **Assault When a person puts another person in fear of a harmful or offensive contact *The victim fears & believes that harm will result because of the threat LEGAL RISK AREAS **Battery Intentional touching of another without consent LEGAL RISK AREAS **Invasion of Privacy Violating confidentiality *Intruding on private client/family matters *Sharing client information with unauthorized persons LEGAL RISK AREAS **False Imprisonment *When a client is not allowed to leave a health care facility when there is no legal justification to detain *When restraining devices are used without an appropriate clinical need (includes meds) LEGAL RISK AREAS **Defamation