EMT JBL Review (MOD 4) Questions and Answers / Verified Answers

EMT JBL Review (MOD 4) Questions and Answers / Verified Answers A 22-year-old female patient is complaining of dyspnea and numbness and tingling in her hands and feet after an argument with her fiancé. Her respirations are 40 breaths/min. You should: Select one: A. have her breathe into a paper or plastic bag. B. request a paramedic to give her a sedative. C. provide reassurance and give oxygen as needed. D. position her on her left side and transport at once. (Answer: - C A 62-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with severe respiratory distress and with an oxygen saturation of 82%. When you auscultate his lungs, you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and alert, is able to follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to three-word sentences at a time. You should: Select one: A. place him in a supine position and assist his ventilations with a bag-valve mask and high-flow oxygen. B. place him in a position of comfort, deliver oxygen via nasal cannula, and closely monitor his breathing. C. force fluid from his alveoli by hyperventilating him with a bag-valve mask at a rate of at least 20 breaths/min. D. apply a CPAP device, monitor his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration. (Answer: - D Acute pulmonary edema would MOST likely develop as the result of: Select one: A. severe hyperventilation. B. toxic chemical inhalation. C. an upper airway infection. D. right-sided heart failure. (Answer: - B Alkalosis is a condition that occurs when: Select one: A. blood acidity is reduced by excessive breathing. B. dangerous acids accumulate in the bloodstream. C. slow, shallow breathing eliminates too much carbon dioxide. D. the level of carbon dioxide in the blood increases. (Answer: - A An alert patient presents with a regular pattern of inhalation and exhalation and breath sounds that are clear and equal on both sides of the chest. These findings are consistent with: Select one: A. an obstructed airway. B. respiratory difficulty. C. adequate air exchange. D. respiratory insufficiency. (Answer: - C Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include: Select one: A. altered mental status and bradycardia. B. tachypnea and tingling in the extremities. C. anxiety, dizziness, and severe bradypnea. D. unilateral paralysis and slurred speech. (Answer: - B Dyspnea is MOST accurately defined as: Select one: A. a marked increase in the exhalation phase. B. a complete cessation of respiratory effort. C. shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. D. labored breathing with reduced tidal volume. (Answer: - C Hyperventilation could be associated with all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. an overdose of aspirin. B. a narcotic overdose. C. a respiratory infection. D. high blood glucose levels. (Answer: - B When administering supplemental oxygen to a hypoxemic patient with a chronic lung disease, you should: Select one: A. begin with a low oxygen flow rate, even if the patient is unresponsive, because high-flow oxygen may depress his or her breathing. B. recall that most patients with chronic lung diseases are stimulated to breathe by increased carbon dioxide levels. C. adjust the flow rate accordingly until you see symptom improvement, but be prepared to assist his or her ventilations. D. avoid positive-pressure ventilation because the majority of patients with chronic lung disease are at increased risk for lung trauma. (Answer: - C When the level of arterial carbon dioxide rises above normal: Select one: A. exhalation lasts longer than inhalation. B. the brain stem inhibits respirations. C. respirations increase in rate and depth. D. respirations decrease in rate and depth. (Answer: - C