[Brock University] BIOL 1P91 Midterm Exam with Complete Solutions Graded A+

[Brock University] BIOL 1P91 Midterm Exam with Complete Solutions Graded A+ The smallest functional unit in living organisms - Correct Answer Atoms The three subatomic particles - Correct Answer protons, neutrons, electrons Where the neutrons and protons are found - Correct Answer The atomic nucleus What was Rutherford's experiment? - Correct Answer A fine beam of positively charged alpha particles (helium nuclei) was aimed at an extremely thin sheet of gold. A zinc sulphide screen was used to detect any alpha particles that passed through or bounced off. What shape are "s" orbitals? - Correct Answer Spherical What shape are "p" orbitals? - Correct Answer Propeller or dumbbell shaped. How many electrons can an orbital hold? - Correct Answer 2 electrons What happens when the outer orbital isn't full? - Correct Answer The tend to share What are valence electrons? - Correct Answer Electrons in the outermost shell What is the atomic number? - Correct Answer The number of protons in the atom What unit is atomic mass measure in? - Correct Answer Daltons What is Avagadro's number? - Correct Answer The amount of atoms in 1 mole (6.022e23) What is different between isotopes? - Correct Answer The number of neutrons What are radioisotopes? - Correct Answer Unstable isotopes What is a major use of radioisotopes? - Correct Answer Modern medicine What are the four main elements of life? - Correct Answer Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen How much of a living organism is made up of the four main elements? - Correct Answer 95% What is a molecule? - Correct Answer Two or more atoms bonded together How do covalent bonds join atoms? - Correct Answer By sharing electrons What is electronegativity? - Correct Answer The measure of it ability to attract electrons in a bond What is a polar covalent bond? - Correct Answer A covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally What is another word for a polar molecule? - Correct Answer Dipole