NRNP 6566 WK1-5 Midterm 2023 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED

Describe cytochrome p450 system - CORRECT ANS Cytochrome p450 system is a series of enzymes used to metabolize medications Inhibitors - CORRECT ANS block metabolic activity from one or more CYP450 enzymes Inducers - CORRECT ANS increase CYP450 enzyme activity by increasing enzyme synthesis Describe effect on low and high albumin levels on active drug levels especially for drugs that are highly protein bound - CORRECT ANS Albumin is the plasma protein with the greatest capacity for binding drugs. Binding plasma proteins affect drug distribution into tissues, because only drug that is not bound is available to penetrate tissues, bind to receptors, and exert activity. As free drug leaves the blood stream, more bound drug is released from binding sites. Low albumin levels - CORRECT ANS malnutrition, chronic illness Highly protein bound drugs can lead to - CORRECT ANS toxicity in patients with low albumin levels, example malnutrition or chronic illness. This is because there are fewer than the normal sites for the drug to bind Describe the ways the hepatic first pass effect- which is metabolism during first pass through the liver - CORRECT ANS Alternative routes include: suppository intravenous intramuscular inhalational aerosol