Anthropology 101 foundations of society and culture Questions With Complete Solutions

Define: bigman correct answer: A self made leader in a tribal society, his position is temporary, depending on personal ability and the consent of his followers. Define : generalised reciprocity correct answer: The distribution of goods and services by direct sharing. It is assumed that in the long run giving and receiving balances out but not accounts are maintained Define: non market economy correct answer: Goods and services are distributed by direct exchange or reciprocity in the absence of markets and money Who was Franz Boas? correct answer: -Seen as the father of American anthropology -Opponent of scientific racism (idea race is a biological concept and therefore determines behaviour) - Introduced cultural relativism (that no group is better more developed than another, all should be understood in relation to their own context) What is culture? correct answer: Culture is "What people think, make, and do. Socially transmitted, often symbolic, information that shapes human behaviour and that regulates human society so that people can successfully maintain themselves and reproduce. Culture has mental, behavioral, and material aspects; it is patterned and provides a model for proper behavior." Bodley 2016 Define : anthropology correct answer: From the greek: Anthropos (human) • ology (the study / science of) (from greek logos - thought / reason) Study of all things human - humankind in all times and places: • Origins, development, characteristics, social customs and beliefs of humankind Define : cultural anthropology correct answer: About understanding the diversity of human experience Define: archaeology correct answer: the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sited and the analysis of artefacts and other physical remains Define : biological anthropology correct answer: the study of humans from a biological perspective Define : linguistics correct answer: the study of language and communication systems (their form, meaning and context) Anthropology developed at the intersection of.... correct answer: - euro/american exploration - conquest and discovery - development of natural science - colonialism Define : colonialism correct answer: the policy of acquiring full or partial political control ove