Ascp MLT Exam Questions & Answers 2023 (A+ Graded 100% Correct)

ACD/CPD/CPD2 - ANSWER 21 days CPDA-1 - ANSWER 35 days Infants HDFN from ABO - ANSWER Spherocytes 1st pregnancy O mother Permanent deferral - ANSWER Hepatitis after 11 HIV T. Cruzi CJD 1 unit or PRBC - ANSWER Raises hemoglobin 1g and hematocrit 3% Leukoreduced RBCs - ANSWER Less than 5 x 10^6 to prevent febrile non hemolytic reactions Cryoprecipitate - ANSWER Factor 8 vWF Fibrinogen For DIC 6 hours Platelets 1unit - ANSWER Irradiated blood - ANSWER Prevent GVHD Ulex europaeus - ANSWER Anti H lectin Dolichos biflorus - ANSWER Anti A1 lectin Amount of H greatest to least - ANSWER O A2 B A1 A1B Most immunogenicity antigen - ANSWER D Weak D - ANSWER Negative immediate spin and positive AHG Weak D donor - ANSWER Must be labeled Rh positive Weak D patient - ANSWER Receives D negative D control - ANSWER AB positive Any D negative IgM antibodies - ANSWER I H MN P1 Lewis IgG antibodies - ANSWER Rh group K Duffy Jk I, i antibody - ANSWER i converts to I as infant matures Destroyed by enzymes - ANSWER MN S Duffy Enhanced by enzymes - ANSWER Rh Kids Lewis I P1 Dosage - ANSWER MNS Rh Kids Duffy Top three acute/immediate transfusion reactions and mortality - ANSWER TRALI, hemolytic transfusion reactions and TACO IgE antibodies - ANSWER Mild Allergic reactions IgA antibodies - ANSWER Severe transfusion allergic reaction Anaphylactic Positive hemolysis with negative DAT - ANSWER Sickle cell crisis Thalassemia/G6PD deficient Unit overheated or frozen All cells hemolysis Kernicterus - ANSWER Excess bilirubin in newborn HDFN from Rh - ANSWER Retics DAT positive Immediate jaundice After first baby Rosette - ANSWER Screening for fetal hemorrhage Kleihauer Betke - ANSWER Quantitative fetal maternal bleed Primary immune response - ANSWER IgM Secondary immune response - ANSWER IgG Type 1 hypersensitivity - ANSWER Anaphylactic Immediate Type 2 hypersensitivity - ANSWER Antibody depending cytotoxicity Transfusion reactions Hashimotos Good pasture Type 3 hypersensitivity - ANSWER Immune complex Rheumatoid arthritis SLE Type 4 hyper sensitivity - ANSWER Delayed Monocytes and lymphocytes Ouchterlony - ANSWER Antibodies added to pre-cut wells in center of agar plate and patient Sera and standards are alternated in wells surrounding the center well EIA/ELISA - ANSWER Sandwich technique HCG Nephelometry - ANSWER Insoluble complexes Why is pass-through suspension scattered light absorbance is proportional to the number of insoluble complexes compared to standards Antibody concentration Immunofluorescence direct - ANSWER Add florescence labeled anti-body to patient tissue wash and examined under fluorescent microscope Immunofluorescence indirect - ANSWER Add patient serum to reagent wash add florescence label to anti-globulin wash and examined under microscope FPIA (Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay) - ANSWER Add reagent antibody and fluorescent tact antigen to patient serum Increase polarize light as a negative test decrease polarized light as a positive test Sensitivity - ANSWER TP/ TP + FN x 100 Specificity - ANSWER TN / TN + FP x 100 Non lattice - ANSWER More sensitive immunoassays nephelometry Lattice - ANSWER Less sensitive C reactive protein - ANSWER Acute phase protein Inflammation Syphilis - ANSWER T palladium FTA abs TPI Dark field microscopy VDRL - ANSWER Syphilis CSF screening but can be positive for malaria RPR - ANSWER Charcoal for syphilis More sensitive but Les specific infectious mononucleosis - ANSWER EBV Lymphocytes B cells Burkets disease? Autoimmune diseases - ANSWER SLE Sjögren's syndrome Scleroderma RA Recent acute hepatitis A infection - ANSWER Anti HaV Acute hep B infection - ANSWER Highly infectious HBsAg HBeAg Chronic hep B - ANSWER Carrier Anti HBc Past infection immunity to hep B - ANSWER Anti HBe Anti HBc Anti HBs Vaccine immunity to hep B - ANSWER Anti HBs Hep c infection - ANSWER Anti HcV Graves' disease - ANSWER Hyperthyroidism Low TSH Increase production T3 and T4 Weight loss and anxiety Hadimotos - ANSWER Hypothyroidism Increase TSH Weight gain lethargy intolerance to cold Thyroglobulins rheumatoid arthritis - ANSWER IgG Fc RA factor CA 125 - ANSWER Ovarian cancer CA 19-9 - ANSWER Pancreases cancer CEA - ANSWER Colon breast lung cancer CA 15-1 - ANSWER Breast cancer Transferrin - ANSWER Iron transport Ferritin - ANSWER Iron storage Hemoglobin F - ANSWER Alpha and gamma globlin chains Hemoglobin a - ANSWER Alpha and beta globin chains Left shift - ANSWER Decreased CO2, increased pH with high affinity and decreased 23DPG Right shift - ANSWER Increased CO2 Decreased pH Increased two, three DPG Hemoglobin Reference range - ANSWER Males 14-18 Females 12-16 Hematocrit reference ranges - ANSWER Males is 42% to53% Females are 38% of 47% MCV - ANSWER 800-100 Hct/rbc x 10 MCH - ANSWER 28-32 pg Hgb/rbc x 10 MCHC - ANSWER 32-36% Hgb/ hct x 100 Rule of 3 - ANSWER Hgb x3 = hct RDW - ANSWER 11-14% WBC reference range - ANSWER Neutrophils reference range - ANSWER Relative 45-70% Bacteria RBC RR - ANSWER Males 4.5-6.1 x 10^6 Females 3.8-5.2 x 10^6 Lymphocyte RR - ANSWER Relative 20-40% Viral infection Monocyte - ANSWER Relative 3-10% Basophils - ANSWER Relative 0-2% Inflammation response mediator Eosinophils - ANSWER Relative 0-3% Allergic response Hyper-segmented neutrophils - ANSWER Megaloblastic anemia B12 and folate deficiency BAnd neutrophils (hypo-segmented) - ANSWER PelegerHuey Aml Aids Uncleared red cell WBC correction - ANSWER Wbc X 100 / 100+NRBC