NCLEX Fundamentals of Nursing
Questions FIRST EXAM REVIEW
A nurse is documenting the care given to a patient diagnosed with an osteosarcoma, whose right leg
was amputated. The nurse accidentally documents that a dressing changed was performed on the left
leg. What would be the best action of the nurse to correct this documentation?
Erase or use correcting fluid to completely delete the error.
Mark the entry "mistaken entry"; add correct information; date and initial.
Use a permanent marker to block out the mistaken entry and rewrite it.
Remove the page with the error and rewrite the data on that page correctly. ANS:Mark the entry
"mistaken entry"; add correct information; date and initial. -
The nurse should not use dittos, erasures, or correcting fluids when correcting documentation; block out
a mistake with a permanent marker; or remove a page with an error and rewrite the data on a new
page. To correct an error after it has been entered, the nurse should mark the entry "mistaken entry,"
add the correct information, and date and initial the entry. If the nurse records information in the wrong
chart, the nurse should write "mistaken entry—wrong chart" and sign off. The nurse should follow
similar guidelines in electronic records.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has complications related to type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse
researches new procedures to care for foot ulcers when developing a care plan for this patient. Which
QSEN competency does this action represent?
Patient-centered care
Evidence-based practice
Quality improvement
Informatics ANS:Quality Improvement - Quality improvement involves routinely updating nursing
policies and procedures. Providing patient-centered care involves listening to the patient and
demonstrating respect and compassion. Evidence-based practice is used when adhering to internal
policies and standardized skills. The nurse is employing informatics by using information and technology
to communicate, manage knowledge, and support decision making.
A nurse is caring for a patient in the ICU who is being monitored for a possible cerebral aneurysm
following a loss of consciousness in the emergency department (ED). The nurse anticipates preparing the
patient for ordered diagnostic tests. What aspect of nursing does this nurse's knowledge of the
diagnostic procedures reflect?
,A. The art of nursing
B. The science of nursing
c. The caring aspect of nursing
d. The holistic approach to nursing ANS:B. The science of nursing is the knowledge base for care that is
provided. In contrast, the skilled application of that knowledge is the art of nursing. Providing holistic
care to patients based on the science of nursing is considered the art of nursing
Nurses today complete a nursing education program, and practice nursing that identifies the personal
needs of the patient and the role of the nurse in meeting those needs. Which nursing pioneer is MOST
instrumental in this birth of modern nursing?
a. Clara Barton
b. Lilian Wald
C. Lavinia Dock
D. Florence Nightingale ANS:D. Florence Nightingale elevated the status of nursing to a respected
occupation, imprived the quality of nursing care, and founded modern nursing education. Clara Barton
established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882. Lillian Wald was the founder of public health
nursing. Lavinia Dock was a nursing leader and women's rights activist instrumental in establishing
women's right to vote.
The role of nurses in today's society was influenced by the nurse's role in early civilization. Which
statement best portrays this earlier role?
a. Women who committed crimes were recruited into nursing the sick in lieu of serving jail sentences.
b. Nurses identified the personal needs of the patient and their role in meeting those needs.
c. Women called deaconesses made the first visits to the sick, and male religious orders cared for the
sick and buried the dead.
d. The nurse was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by using herbal remedies. ANS:D.
In early civilizations, the nurse usually was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by
providing physical care and herbal remedies. This nurturing and caring role of the nurse has continued
to the present. At the beginning of the 16th century, the shortage of nurses led to the recruitment of
women who had committed crimes to provide nursing care instead of going to jail. In the early Christian
period, women called deaconesses made the first organized visits to sick people, and members of male
religious orders gave nursing care and buried the dead. The influences of Florence Nightingale were
apparent from the middle of the 19th century to the 20th century; one of her accomplishments was
identifying the personal needs of the patient and the nurse's role in meeting those needs.
,Nurses today work in a wide variety of health care settings. What trend occurred during World War II
that had a tremendous effect on this development in the nursing profession?
a. There was a shortage of nurses and an increased emphasis on education.
b. Emphasis on the war slowed development of knowledge in medicine and technology
c. The role of the nurse focused on acute technical skills used in hospital settings.
d. Nursing was dependent on the medical profession to define its priorities. ANS:A.During World War II,
large numbers of women worked outside the home. They became more independent and assertive,
which led to an increased emphasis on education. The war itself created a need for more nurses and
resulted in a knowledge explosion in medicine and technology. This trend broadened the role of nurses
to include practicing in a wide variety of health care settings.
A nurse practicing in a primary care center uses the ANA's Nursing's Social Policy Statement as a
guideline for practice. Which purposes of nursing are outlined in this document? Select all that apply.
a. A description of the nurse as a dependent caregiver
b. The provision of standards for nursing educational programs
c. A definition of the scope of nursing practice
d. The establishment of a knowledge base for nursing practice
e. A description of nursing's social responsibility
f. The regulation of nursing research ANS:C, D, E
The ANA Social Policy Statement (2010) describes the social context of nursing, a definition of nursing,
the knowledge base for nursing practice, the scope of nursing practice, standards of professional nursing
practice, and the regulation of professional nursing.
A nurse working in a rehabilitation facility focuses on the goal of restoring health for patients. Which
examples of nursing interventions reflect this goal? Select all that apply.
a. A nurse counsels adolescents in a drug rehabilitation program
b. A nurse performs range-of-motion exercises for a patient on bedrest
c. A nurse shows a diabetic patient how to inject insulin
d. A nurse recommends a yoga class for a busy executive
e. A nurse provides hospice care for a patient with end-stage cancer
f. A nurse teaches a nutrition class at a local high school ANS:A, B, C
, Activities to restore health focus on the person with an illness and range from early detection of a
disease to rehabilitation and teaching during recovery. These activities include drug counseling, teaching
patients how to administer their medications, and performing range-of-motion exercises for bedridden
patients. Recommending a yoga class for stress reduction is a goal of preventing illness, and teaching a
nutrition class is a goal of promoting health. A hospice care nurse helps to facilitate coping with disability
and death.
A nurse instructor outlines the criteria establishing nursing as a profession. What teaching point
correctly describes this criteria? Select all that apply.
A. Nursing is composed of a well-defined body of general knowledge
B. Nursing interventions are dependent upon medical practice
C. Nursing is a recognized authority by a professional group
D.Nursing is regulated by the medical industry
E.Nursing has a code of ethics F. Nursing is influenced by ongoing research ANS:C, E, F
Nursing is recognized increasingly as a profession based on the following defining criteria: well-defined
body of specific and unique knowledge, strong service orientation, recognized authority by a
professional group, code of ethics, professional organization that sets standards, ongoing research, and
autonomy and self-regulation
A nurse is practicing as a nurse-midwife in a busy OB-GYN office. Which degree in nursing is necessary to
practice at this level?
A. LPN
B. ADN
C. BSN
D. MSN ANS:D - A master's degree (MSN) prepares advanced practice nurses. Many master's graduates
gain national certification in their specialty area, for example, as family nurse practitioners (FNPs) or
nurse midwives.
Nursing in the United States is regulated by the state nurse practice act. What is a common element of
each state's nurse practice act?
a. Defining the legal scope of nursing practice
b. Providing continuing education programs
c. Determining the content covered in the NCLEX examination
Questions FIRST EXAM REVIEW
A nurse is documenting the care given to a patient diagnosed with an osteosarcoma, whose right leg
was amputated. The nurse accidentally documents that a dressing changed was performed on the left
leg. What would be the best action of the nurse to correct this documentation?
Erase or use correcting fluid to completely delete the error.
Mark the entry "mistaken entry"; add correct information; date and initial.
Use a permanent marker to block out the mistaken entry and rewrite it.
Remove the page with the error and rewrite the data on that page correctly. ANS:Mark the entry
"mistaken entry"; add correct information; date and initial. -
The nurse should not use dittos, erasures, or correcting fluids when correcting documentation; block out
a mistake with a permanent marker; or remove a page with an error and rewrite the data on a new
page. To correct an error after it has been entered, the nurse should mark the entry "mistaken entry,"
add the correct information, and date and initial the entry. If the nurse records information in the wrong
chart, the nurse should write "mistaken entry—wrong chart" and sign off. The nurse should follow
similar guidelines in electronic records.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has complications related to type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse
researches new procedures to care for foot ulcers when developing a care plan for this patient. Which
QSEN competency does this action represent?
Patient-centered care
Evidence-based practice
Quality improvement
Informatics ANS:Quality Improvement - Quality improvement involves routinely updating nursing
policies and procedures. Providing patient-centered care involves listening to the patient and
demonstrating respect and compassion. Evidence-based practice is used when adhering to internal
policies and standardized skills. The nurse is employing informatics by using information and technology
to communicate, manage knowledge, and support decision making.
A nurse is caring for a patient in the ICU who is being monitored for a possible cerebral aneurysm
following a loss of consciousness in the emergency department (ED). The nurse anticipates preparing the
patient for ordered diagnostic tests. What aspect of nursing does this nurse's knowledge of the
diagnostic procedures reflect?
,A. The art of nursing
B. The science of nursing
c. The caring aspect of nursing
d. The holistic approach to nursing ANS:B. The science of nursing is the knowledge base for care that is
provided. In contrast, the skilled application of that knowledge is the art of nursing. Providing holistic
care to patients based on the science of nursing is considered the art of nursing
Nurses today complete a nursing education program, and practice nursing that identifies the personal
needs of the patient and the role of the nurse in meeting those needs. Which nursing pioneer is MOST
instrumental in this birth of modern nursing?
a. Clara Barton
b. Lilian Wald
C. Lavinia Dock
D. Florence Nightingale ANS:D. Florence Nightingale elevated the status of nursing to a respected
occupation, imprived the quality of nursing care, and founded modern nursing education. Clara Barton
established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882. Lillian Wald was the founder of public health
nursing. Lavinia Dock was a nursing leader and women's rights activist instrumental in establishing
women's right to vote.
The role of nurses in today's society was influenced by the nurse's role in early civilization. Which
statement best portrays this earlier role?
a. Women who committed crimes were recruited into nursing the sick in lieu of serving jail sentences.
b. Nurses identified the personal needs of the patient and their role in meeting those needs.
c. Women called deaconesses made the first visits to the sick, and male religious orders cared for the
sick and buried the dead.
d. The nurse was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by using herbal remedies. ANS:D.
In early civilizations, the nurse usually was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by
providing physical care and herbal remedies. This nurturing and caring role of the nurse has continued
to the present. At the beginning of the 16th century, the shortage of nurses led to the recruitment of
women who had committed crimes to provide nursing care instead of going to jail. In the early Christian
period, women called deaconesses made the first organized visits to sick people, and members of male
religious orders gave nursing care and buried the dead. The influences of Florence Nightingale were
apparent from the middle of the 19th century to the 20th century; one of her accomplishments was
identifying the personal needs of the patient and the nurse's role in meeting those needs.
,Nurses today work in a wide variety of health care settings. What trend occurred during World War II
that had a tremendous effect on this development in the nursing profession?
a. There was a shortage of nurses and an increased emphasis on education.
b. Emphasis on the war slowed development of knowledge in medicine and technology
c. The role of the nurse focused on acute technical skills used in hospital settings.
d. Nursing was dependent on the medical profession to define its priorities. ANS:A.During World War II,
large numbers of women worked outside the home. They became more independent and assertive,
which led to an increased emphasis on education. The war itself created a need for more nurses and
resulted in a knowledge explosion in medicine and technology. This trend broadened the role of nurses
to include practicing in a wide variety of health care settings.
A nurse practicing in a primary care center uses the ANA's Nursing's Social Policy Statement as a
guideline for practice. Which purposes of nursing are outlined in this document? Select all that apply.
a. A description of the nurse as a dependent caregiver
b. The provision of standards for nursing educational programs
c. A definition of the scope of nursing practice
d. The establishment of a knowledge base for nursing practice
e. A description of nursing's social responsibility
f. The regulation of nursing research ANS:C, D, E
The ANA Social Policy Statement (2010) describes the social context of nursing, a definition of nursing,
the knowledge base for nursing practice, the scope of nursing practice, standards of professional nursing
practice, and the regulation of professional nursing.
A nurse working in a rehabilitation facility focuses on the goal of restoring health for patients. Which
examples of nursing interventions reflect this goal? Select all that apply.
a. A nurse counsels adolescents in a drug rehabilitation program
b. A nurse performs range-of-motion exercises for a patient on bedrest
c. A nurse shows a diabetic patient how to inject insulin
d. A nurse recommends a yoga class for a busy executive
e. A nurse provides hospice care for a patient with end-stage cancer
f. A nurse teaches a nutrition class at a local high school ANS:A, B, C
, Activities to restore health focus on the person with an illness and range from early detection of a
disease to rehabilitation and teaching during recovery. These activities include drug counseling, teaching
patients how to administer their medications, and performing range-of-motion exercises for bedridden
patients. Recommending a yoga class for stress reduction is a goal of preventing illness, and teaching a
nutrition class is a goal of promoting health. A hospice care nurse helps to facilitate coping with disability
and death.
A nurse instructor outlines the criteria establishing nursing as a profession. What teaching point
correctly describes this criteria? Select all that apply.
A. Nursing is composed of a well-defined body of general knowledge
B. Nursing interventions are dependent upon medical practice
C. Nursing is a recognized authority by a professional group
D.Nursing is regulated by the medical industry
E.Nursing has a code of ethics F. Nursing is influenced by ongoing research ANS:C, E, F
Nursing is recognized increasingly as a profession based on the following defining criteria: well-defined
body of specific and unique knowledge, strong service orientation, recognized authority by a
professional group, code of ethics, professional organization that sets standards, ongoing research, and
autonomy and self-regulation
A nurse is practicing as a nurse-midwife in a busy OB-GYN office. Which degree in nursing is necessary to
practice at this level?
A. LPN
B. ADN
C. BSN
D. MSN ANS:D - A master's degree (MSN) prepares advanced practice nurses. Many master's graduates
gain national certification in their specialty area, for example, as family nurse practitioners (FNPs) or
nurse midwives.
Nursing in the United States is regulated by the state nurse practice act. What is a common element of
each state's nurse practice act?
a. Defining the legal scope of nursing practice
b. Providing continuing education programs
c. Determining the content covered in the NCLEX examination
