ENTO 320 TAMU - Exam 1 Questions and Answers Already Graded A

ENTO 320 TAMU - Exam 1 Questions and Answers Already Graded A Apis Mellifera European honey bee approx. _____ of the U.S. food supply is pollinated by bees 1/3 Scientific Method 1. Form a question 2. Make an observation 3. Form a hypothesis -- testable and falsifiable 4. test the hypothesis 5. analyze data and draw conclusions control and experimental groups- differ in only one factor (independent variable) data analysis- -statistically significant differences -apply statistical analyses to determine if control and experimental samples are likely to be different from each other b/c of the single variable that's different b/w the 2 samples. Scientific literature follows the scientific method- -intro: steps 1-3 -materials/methods: step 4 -results: step 4 -discussion/conclusion: step 5 abstract- (part of article) have info concerning hypothesis/question, will also summarize results, state conclusion of study What is a theory? - a broad explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is substantiated by a large body of evidence - allows us to make predictions - can never be proven true - extremely likely to be true, due to overwhelming evidence THEORY IS NOT A HYPOTHESIS!!!!! What is a law? - a description of what nature does under certain conditions - general statements for which no exceptions have been found - accepted to be true and universal - Rare Theory of Evolution - Evolution= changes in genetic makeup over time -"Descent with modification" -Mechanism behind evolution includes -natural selection -mutations -genetic drift -migration Who's idea was the Theory of Evolution? Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace emergent properties - a property that develops due to increasing complexity. - an individual component of the system may not exhibit that property, but the system gains new properties with increase in individuals. - EX: human body Taxonomy- The science of identifying, describing, naming, and classifying organisms. Triangle picture: species genus family order class phylum kingdom domain Why use taxonomic nomenclature? -grouping organisms makes them easier to find and reference -many species have multiple common names -often a group of organisms are referred to by 1 common name. EX: lightening bugs (fireflies), pufferfish, etc. -knowing the biodiversity of local and/or world regions helps establish conversation areas -species-level identification is used in detecting exotic and potentially invasive pests. bionomial nomenclature -a formal 2 part system of naming organisms -coined by Carolus Linnaeus in 1751 -this system adheres to latin grammar, uses italics -an organism is named using 2 words: -genus species -Homo sapiens (you) ANY OF THESE GROUPS CAN BE REFERRED TO AS TAXON!!! who is the father of taxonomy? Carolus Linnaeus The taxonomist: -provides basis of later work -easier to find and reference -provides biodiversity estimate -job is to curate and keep track of certain collections -responsible for classifying/naming organisms Character- a given trait Homology- similarity resulting from a common ancestor phylogenetics- -field of biology that explores evolutionary relationships among taxa -tree building -think family tree -only know the members at the tips of branches -must sort out branching, and how close taxa are to one another phylogenetic: "tree analogy"- -"Terminal taxa" like leaves -clues for sorting -morphology -genetic sequences -fossil records