GI exam 3 NCLEX style questions with correct solutions 2023.

GI exam 3 NCLEX style questions with correct solutions 2023. A patient with chronic alcohol abuse is admitted with liver failure. You closely monitor the patient's blood pressure because of which change that is associated with the liver failure? 1 Hypoalbuminemia 2 Increased capillary permeability 3 Abnormal peripheral vasodilation 4 Excess rennin release from the kidneys - correct answers.1. Blood pressure decreases as the body is unable to maintain normal oncotic pressure with liver failure, so patients with liver failure require close blood pressure monitoring. Increased capillary permeability, abnormal peripheral vasodilation, and excess rennin released from the kidney's aren't direct ramifications of liver failure. Arthur has a family history of colon cancer and is scheduled to have a sigmoidoscopy. He is crying as he tells you, "I know that I have colon cancer, too." Which response is most therapeutic? 1 "I know just how you feel." 2 "You seem upset." 3 "Oh, don't worry about it, everything will be just fine." 4"Why do you think you have cancer?" - correct answers.2. Making observations about what you see or hear is a useful therapeutic technique. This way, you acknowledge that you are interested in what the patient is saying and feeling. You're caring for Lewis, a 67 y.o. patient with liver cirrhosis who develops ascites and requires paracentesis. Relief of which symptom indicated that the paracentesis was effective? 1. Pruritus 2 Dyspnea 3 Jaundice 4 Peripheral Neuropathy - correct answers.2. Ascites puts pressure on the diaphragm. Paracentesis is done to remove fluid and reducing pressure on the diaphragm. The goal is to improve the patient's breathing. The others are signs of cirrhosis that aren't relieved by paracentesis. You're caring for Jane, a 57 y.o. patient with liver cirrhosis who develops ascites and requires paracentesis. Before her paracentesis, you instruct her to: 1 Empty her bladder. 2 Lie supine in bed. 3 Remain NPO for 4 hours. 4 Clean her bowels with an enema - correct answers.1. A full bladder can interfere with paracentesis and be punctured inadvertently You're caring for Betty with liver cirrhosis. Which of the following assessment findings leads you to suspect hepatic encephalopathy in her? a Asterixis b Chvostek's sign c Trousseau's sign d Hepatojugular reflex - correct answers.A. Asterixis is an early neurologic sign of hepatic encephalopathy elicited by asking the patient to hold her arms stretched out. Asterixis is present if the hands rapidly extend and flex. You are developing a careplan on Sally, a 67 y.o. patient with hepatic encephalopathy. Which of the following do you include? a Administering a lactulose enema as ordered. b Encouraging a protein-rich diet. c Administering sedatives, as necessary. d Encouraging ambulation at least four times a day. - correct answers.A. You may administer the laxative lactulose to reduce ammonia levels in the colon. Britney, a 20 y.o. student is admitted with acute pancreatitis. Which laboratory findings do you expect to be abnormal for this patient? a Serum creatinine and BUN b Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) c Serum amylase and lipase d Cardiac enzymes - correct answers.C. Pancreatitis involves activation of pancreatic enzymes, such as amylase and lipase. These levels are elevated in a patient with acute pancreatitis. Develop a teaching care plan for Angie who is about to undergo a liver biopsy. Which of the following points do you include? a. "You'll need to lie on your stomach during the test." b. "You'll need to lie on your right side after the test." c. "During the biopsy you'll be asked to exhale deeply and hold it." d. "The biopsy is performed under general anesthesia. - correct answers.B. After a liver biopsy, the patient is placed on the right side to compress the liver and to reduce the risk of bleeding or bile leakage. Stephen is a 62 y.o. patient that has had a liver biopsy. Which of the following groups of signs alert you to a possible pneumothorax? a Dyspnea and reduced or absent breath sounds over the right lung b Tachycardia, hypotension, and cool, clammy skin c Fever, rebound tenderness, and abdominal rigidity d Redness, warmth, and drainage at the biopsy site - correct answers.A Signs and Symptoms of pneumothorax include dyspnea and decreased or absent breath sounds over the affected lung (right lung). Michael, a 42 y.o. man is admitted to the med-surg floor with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. His BP is 136/76, pulse 96, Resps 22 and temp 101. His past history includes hyperlipidemia and alcohol abuse. The doctor prescribes an NG tube. Before inserting the tube, you explain the purpose to patient. Which of the following is a most accurate explanation? a "It empties the stomach of fluids and gas." b "It prevents spasms at the sphincter of Oddi." c "It prevents air from forming in the small intestine and large intestine." d "It removes bile from the gallbladder." - correct answers.A An NG tube is inserted into the patients stomach to drain fluid and gas Brenda, a 36 y.o. patient is on your floor with acute pancreatitis. Treatment for her includes: a Continuous peritoneal lavage. b Regular diet with increased fat. c Nutritional support with TPN. d Insertion of a T tube to drain the pancreas. - correct answers.C With acute pancreatitis, you need to rest the GI tract by TPN as nutritional support. Glenda has cholelithiasis (gallstones). You expect her to complain of: a Pain in the right upper quadrant, radiating to the shoulder. b Pain in the right lower quadrant, with rebound tenderness. c Pain in the left upper quadrant, with shortness of breath. d Pain in the left lower quadrant, with mild cramping. - correct answers.A The gallbladder is located in the RUQ and a frequent sign of gallstones is pain radiating to the shoulder. After an abdominal resection for colon cancer, Madeline returns to her room with a Jackson-Pratt drain in place. The purpose of the drain is to: a Irrigate the incision with a saline solution. b Prevent bacterial infection of the incision. c Measure the amount of fluid lost after surgery. d Prevent accumulation of drainage in the wound. - correct answers.D A Jackson-Pratt drain promotes wound healing by allowing fluid to escape from the wound Leigh Ann is receiving pancrelipase (Viokase) for chronic pancreatitis. Which observation best indicates the treatment is effective? a There is no skin breakdown.