Cardiac exam 1 practice questions and answers Graded A 2023

1. A patient who is hemorrhaging has decreased preload. What physiological effects should the nurse expect to occur with this patient? a. Increased afterload b. Decreased cardiac output c. Decreased action potential d. Increased ejection fraction - b. Decreased cardiac output The nurse is preparing to assess a patient who is experiencing chest pain. Which question should the nurse asked to learn more information about the intensity of the pain? a. "Did the pain move into your left arm?" b. "Was the pain a pressure, burning, or tightness?" c. "Was your pain relieved by resting or worse when you were busy?" d. "On a scale of zero (no pain) to 10 (worst pain) what number is your pain?" - d. "On a scale of zero (no pain) to 10 (worst pain) what number is your pain?" The nurse is preparing to assess a patient's apical impulse. Which anatomical location should the nurse use to make this assessment? a. Right nipple line, any intercostal space b. Left substernal line, sixth intercostal space c. Left midclavicular line, fifth intercostal space d. Right midaxillary line, second intercostal space - c. Left midclavicular line, fifth intercostal space The nurse assess a patient's heart rate as being 50 beats per minute. How should the nurse document this finding? a. Bradycardia b. Tachycardia c. Hypotension d. Hypertension - a. Bradycardia A patient's laboratory value indicates a low red blood cell count. What subjective data should the nurse expect to assess that is consistent with this data? a. Fatigue b. Nausea c. Chest pain d. Sore throat - a. Fatigue A patient is being admitted for a low platelet count. Which finding should the nurse expect when conducting a physical assessment of this patient? a. Varicose veins b. Excessive bruising c. Enlarged lymph nodes d. Changes in pulse pressure - b. Excessive bruising The nurse determines that an older patient would benefit from interventions to address peripheral vascular resistance. What manifestations did the nurse assess in this patient? SATA a. Joint pain b. Sunken eyeballs c. Distant bowel sounds d. Elevated blood pressure e. Lower extremity fatigue - b. Sunken eyeballs d. Elevated blood pressure The nurse is preparing to assess a patient's carotid arteries. Which techniques should the nurse use for this assessment? (Select all that apply) a. Palpate for pulse rate b. Inspect for pulsations c. Auscultate for rhythm d. Percuss for arterial wall density e. Palpate deeply for arterial wall integrity - a. Palpate for pulse rate b. Inspect for pulsations c. Auscultate for rhythm During the physical examination of the patient's abdomen, the nurse auscultates a blowing sound over the aorta. How should the nurse document this finding? a. Bruit b. Dysrhythmia c. Bigeminal pulse d. Hypokinetic pulse - a. Bruit A patient has been admitted with severe leg pain. The limb is cyanotic, cool to the touch, and peripheral pulses are absent. What should the nurse do first after this assessment. a. Document the findings b. Teach relaxation techniques c. Notify the physician immediately d. Ask how long the limb has been hurting - c. Notify the physician immediately The nurse instructs a patient about modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease. Which statements indicate that teaching has been effective? (Select all that apply) a. "I should stop smoking to reduce my risk of heart disease." b. "Restricting my activity reduces the onset of heart disease." c. "I should drink alcohol because this prevents heart disease." d. "There is not much that can be done to prevent heart disease." e. "Obesity is a risk factor that I can change to reduce the onset of heart disease." - a. "I should stop smoking to reduce my risk of heart disease." e. "Obesity is a risk factor that I can change to reduce the onset of heart disease." A patient is prescribed lovastatin (Mevacor) for hyperlipidemia. What should the nurse instruct the patient about this medication? a. Abstain from alcohol use while taking this drug b. Take the drug with meals to minimize gastric distress c. Promptly report muscle pain or tenderness to the physician d. Consume a diet that includes no more than 20& of calories from standard saturated fat - c. Promptly report muscle pain or tenderness to the physician The nurse is caring for a patient with stable angina. Which assessment finding would be consistent with this medical diagnosis? a. Persistent ECG changes b. Increasing nocturnal pain c. Correlation between activity level and pain d. Evidence of impaired cardiac output such as weak peripheral pulses - c. Correlation between activity level and pain The nurse is caring for a patient with acute coronary syndrome. Which nursing diagnosis should be the priority for this patient? a. Anxiety related to unknown outcome of disorder b. Decreased CardIac Output related to myocardial ischemia c. Ineffective Health Maintenance related to lack of knowledge about coronary heart disease d. Ineffective Tissue Perfusion: Cardiopulmonary related to underlying coronary heart disease - d. Ineffective Tissue Perfusion: Cardiopulmonary related to underlying coronary heart disease The nurse is caring for a patient recovering from a coronary angioplasty with stent placement. Which intervention is a priority for the patient at this time? a. Securing chest tubes to bedding b. Maintaining leg extension on the affected side c. Discontinue intravenous lines when taking oral fluids d. Treating chest pain with intravenous morphine as needed - b. Maintaining leg extension on the affected side