FMF OFFICER Study Guide| 170 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

Marine Corps birthday correct answer: 10 Nov 1775 What is the significance of EGA correct answer: Worn making clear statement that the wearer is a member of the Navy/Marine Corps team. What is the background of the Device correct answer: - A surf wave crashing on the sandy beach (the littoral zone) - At the time the device was designed, "Forward... From the Sea" was the Navy and Marine Corps joint vision for the future and supported the reputation, "on the shores of Tripoli" and the "sands of Iwo Jima". This is represented in the background of the device. What is the significance of crossed rifles correct answer: The two crossed rifles symbolize the rifleman ethic this program is designated to install in Sailors assigned to the Marines. What is the significance of Scroll on device correct answer: - The scroll along the bottom of the breast insigni'a is emblazoned with "Fleet Marine Force". - Although Marine componency was established in 1982, the Navy continues to utilize the title Fleet Marine Force in their role as a Naval Type Commander; therefore it is appropriate our program be titled after the role in which Marine Forces are tied to the Navy. Where was the Marine Corps created correct answer: Tun Tavern What created the Marine Corps correct answer: Resolution of the Continental Congress to raise two battalions of Marines, November 10th What is a Leather Neck correct answer: Leather stock, or neckpiece worn as part of the Marine uniform from 1775- 1875. Protects neck from sword slashes When was the Leather Neck stock warn by the Marines correct answer: What did the Leather Neck stock protect correct answer: It protected the neck form saber slashes WHO SAID "UNCOMMON VALOR WAS A COMMON VIRTUE"? correct answer: ADMIRAL NIMITZ description of Marines and Sailors at Iwo Jima. Significance of the term Devil Dog correct answer: 1918, Battle of Belleau Wood, Marines persistent attack and fighting ability had Germans calling them Teufelhunden. First Marine Landing in the Revolutionary War. New Providence Island correct answer: 1776 Congress recreated the Marine Corps as separate service correct answer: 1798 WHAT HAPPEND IN 1847 correct answer: BATTLE OF CHIPULTEPEC, MEXICO CITY MARINES OCCUPIED HALLS OF MONTEZUMA WHERE ARE THE HALLS OF MONTEZUMA correct answer: MEXICO CITY WHAT HAPPENED IN 1805 correct answer: MARINES STORMED THE SHORES OF TRIPOLI, BARBARY PIRATES MARINES UNDER THE COMMAND OF COL ROBERT E. LEE U.S. ARMY, STORMED THE U.S ARSENAL AT HARPERS FERRY AND PUT DOWN AN ATTEMPTED SLAVE REVOLT LED BY ABOLITIONIST, JOHN BROWN correct answer: 1859 WHAT HAPPENED IN 1868 correct answer: EGA ADOPTED BY THE MARINE CORPS BY GENERAL JACOB ZEILIN, WHO MODIFIED THE ROYAL MARINE EMBLEM BOXER REBELLION IN PEKING. MARINES PART OF MULTI NATIONAL DEFENSE FORCE TO LEGATION QUARTER correct answer: 1900 WHAT HAPPENED IN 1913 correct answer: ESTABLISHED THE FIRST AVIATION UNIT. MAJOR ALFRED CUNNINGHAM WAS FIRST PILOT Marines came under department of the Navy correct answer: 1834 WWI LANDING IN FRANCE, 8 DISTINCT OPERATIONS. 5TH AND 6TH MARINES AWARDED THE FRENCH FOURRAGERE correct answer: 1917 MARINE CORPS REORGANIZED INTO FMF. ESTABLISHED COMMAND AND ADMINISTRATIVE RELATIONSHIP WITH FLEET correct answer: 1933 WWII STRENGTH NEARLHY 500K. MARINES USED AS PRINCIPLE FORCE IN ISLAND HOPPING CAMPAIGN correct answer: 1941 CONFLICT IN KOREA TEST MARINE CORPS READINESS. MADE AN AMPHIBIOUS LANDING OVER SEA WALLS AT INCHON. MARINE AVIATORS FLEW HELICOPTERS FOR THE FIRST TIME IN BATTLE correct answer: 1950 MARINE CORPS COMPLETED REORGANIZING THE COMBAT STRUCTURE OF ITS FMF, USED WHEN LANDING NEAR BEIRUT, LEBANON TO SUPPORTS ITS ARMY AGAINST INTERNAL STRIFE correct answer: 1958 WHAT HAPPENED IN 1965 correct answer: Marines landed in South Vietnam committing them to the longest war in its history. Conducted many large scale offensive operations, participated in pacification program to win support of local population, and landed in Dominican Republic to evacuate and protect US citizens. Marines deployed to Lebanon as part of multinational peacekeeping force, displaying Marine concept of "Force of Readiness" correct answer: 1982 Marines participated in Urgent Fury, a joint military operation, securing the island of Grenada correct answer: 1983 Operation Just Cause due to unrest in Panama and overthrew General Manuel Noriega. correct answer: 1989 Operation Desert Shield. Validated the MPF concep correct answer: 1990 Operation Desert Storm. Marines swept into Kuwait and liberated the country of Iraq. correct answer: 1991 WHERE WAS THE STARS AND STRIPS FIRST RAISED ONT THE EASTERN HEMOSPHIRE correct answer: SHORES OF TRIPOLI WHAT BATTLE HAD THE HIGHEST CASUILTY RATE EVER FOR MARINES correct answer: BATTLE OF IWOJIMA WHAT WAS THE CASUALTY RATE IN THE BATLE OF IWOJIMA correct answer: 1 IN 4 WHAT DOES FIRST-TO-FIGHT MEAN correct answer: THE MARINES HAVE BEEN ON THE FRONTLINE OF EVERY BATTLE Heroism in battle of Tripoli. Mameluke sword presented to him in 1805. correct answer: 1stLt Presley O'Bannon WHEN DID OPHA MAY JOHNSON ENLIST IN THE MARINES correct answer: 13 AUG 1918 WHO IS ARCHAIBALD HENDERSON correct answer: THE GRAND OLD MAN OF THE MARINE CORPS WHEN WAS ARCHIBALD HENDERSON THE COMMANDONT OF THE MARINE CORPS correct answer: HOW LONG DID ARHABOLD HENDERSON SERVE AS TEH COMMANDANT OF THE MARINE CORPS correct answer: 39 YEARS Won the Medal of Honor at Cuzco Well for semaphoring for an emergency lift of the naval bombardment while under shellfire. correct answer: SgtMaj John Quick Two medals of Honor 1. Chinese Boxer Rebellion 2. First Caco War in Haiti. In the Battle of Belleau Wood he yelled to his men, "Come on, you sons of a _____, do you want to live forever?" correct answer: SgtMaj Dan Daly Two medals of honor 1. Veracruz 2. First Caco War correct answer: MajGen Smedley Butler Six Areas of Naval Doctrine correct answer: Command and Control Operations Warfare Logistics Intelligence Planning WHEN WAS THE FIRST USC AVIATION UNIT ESTABLISHED correct answer: 1913 WHO WAS THE FIRST MARINE PILOT correct answer: MAJ ALFRED CUNNINGHAM Cpl Ira Hayes correct answer: Pima Indian, participated 2nd flag raising on Mount Sirabachi after Battle of Iwo Jima, 23Feb1945 Margaret A. Brewer correct answer: Brig Gen Brewer Director of Female Marines first General Officer Female who said" 1 million Americans 100 years" correct answer: Japanese Commander How long did it take to defeated the Japanese correct answer: 76 hours When di the Navajo code talkers serve correct answer: FIRST FEMALE MARINE OFFICER correct answer: CAPT ANNE LENTZ WHEN WAS THE FIRST FEMALE MARINE OFFICER COMMISSIONED correct answer: 1943 1st enlisted woman on 13 August, 1918. Marine Reserve (F) "skirt Marines" and "Marinettes" correct answer: Pvt Opha Mae Johnson WHO WAS THE FIRST COMMANDONT OF THE MARINE CORPS correct answer: CAPT SAMUEL NICHOLAS John A. Lejeune correct answer: 13th Commandant of the Marine Corps. And Was the First Marine Officer to Command an Army Division in 1918 The most decorated Marine. "Tiger of the Mountains" (1930) __________ and force of 32 Marines famous for engaging rebels in Nicaragua-Honduran border. correct answer: LtGen Lewis ("Chesty") Puller Pilot famous for taking the Japanese airfield at Guadalcanal. Awarded the Medal of Honor. WWII 2nd ranking ace. correct answer: Capt Joseph Foss Commanded the "Black Sheep" and became the top ranking ace 28 kills. correct answer: Maj Gregory ("Pappy") Boyington 1st enlisted woman on 13 August, 1918. Marine Reserve (F) "skirt Marines" and "Marinettes" correct answer: Pvt Opha Mae Johnson 3rd black woman, 1st black woman officer to retire after her "full 20" correct answer: CWO Annie Grimes Director of Women Marines during . And first woman General Officer on 11 May 1978. correct answer: BGen Margaret Brewer August 1814, 103 Marines and 400 sailors made a vain attempt to block a force of 4000 disciplined British troops from advancing on Washington. Stopped three headlong charges from British and they were finally the Marines were outflanked and driven back. The British did not complete their objective with Washington. correct answer: Battle of Bladensburg Battle of New Orleans correct answer: January 1815, under command of Gen Andrew Jackson defeated British forces attacking New Orleans (2000 B -100 M) 1918 in France. One of Marines greatest battles. WW1. Marines crushed German offensive at BW that threatened Paris. French renamed area "the Wood of the Brigade of Marines" Germans called them the highest rating "storm troops" and "Devil Dogs" . correct answer: Battle of Belleau Wood Dec 8, 1941, Outnumbered Marines defended island until 23 Dec. correct answer: Battle of Wake Island Battle of Guadalcanal correct answer: 7 Aug 1942, 1st MARDIV launched the first US land offensive of WW2. 1st combat test of the new amphibious doctrine and turning point in the war. Japanese commander stated it would take a million Americans 100 years to conquer the Tarawa Atoll and Betio Island. On 20 Nov 1943, it took Marines 76 hours. Great losses. correct answer: Battle of Tarawa 19 Feb 1945, Largest all-Marine battle in history. Bloodiest in Marine Corps history. Highest Casualty rate of all history: 23,300 casualties. Raising of the flag on Suribachi Admiral Nimitz said, "among the Americans who served on Iwo Island, uncommon valor was a common virtue." James Forrestal, SECNAV, said, "The raising of the flag on Suribachi means a Marine Corps for the next 500 years." correct answer: Battle of Iwo Jima April 1945, Last large action of WW2. MajGen Roy Gieger assumed command of the 10th Army and became the only Marine officer ever to have commanded a field Army. correct answer: Battle of Okinawa During Nov 1950, Marines were cut off by 10 divisions of Chinese Communist Forces and smashed seven enemy divisions while executing a proper evacuation march from the Chosin Reservoir. Communist attempted to annihilate a Marine unit in order to destroy American Morale. correct answer: Battle of Chosin Reservoir Jan 1968, Marines defended the firebase at Khe Sanh for 2 ½ months till two NVA divisions withdrew. Communist attempted to annihilate a Marine unit in order to destroy American Morale. correct answer: 2nd Battle of Khe Sanh , nearly 20,000 African-American men were trained separately at MP. Served with professionalism in epic battles. correct answer: Montford Point Marines Took part in every assault conducted in the Pacific from . As of 1945 about 540 Navajos served as Marines. correct answer: Navajo Code Talkers Marine Corps Women's Reserve established and Captain Anne Lentz, first commissioned officer and Pvt Lucille McClarren first enlisted woman correct answer: 1943 Congress made women permanent part of the regular Marine Corps. correct answer: 12 June 1948 Significance of EGA correct answer: Eagle=nation; globe=western Hemisphere-worldwide service; anchor=sea traditions; motto=semper Fidelis. Established in 1868. Interwoven braid in shape of a cross of figure eights on top of officers barracks covers. Official in 1859 correct answer: Quatrefoil It is a Senior Unit award and first collective award won by Marines; 5th and 6th Marines were awarded the fourragere for having earned the Croix de Guerre with palm leaf three times in WW1. correct answer: French Fourragere USMC Mission correct answer: Marines are trained, organized, and equipped for offensive amphibious employment and as a force of readiness" Provide Fleet Marine Forces with combined arms and supporti