WGU Introduction to Cryptography - C839 (EC-Council CES) 156 Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide)

rypTool - Software which allows encryption of text using historic algorithms The Enigma Machine - In World War II the Germans made use of an electro-mechanical rotor based cipher Known as The Enigma Machine. Allied cipher machines used in WWII included the British TypeX and the American SIGABA. The ADFGVX Cipher - invented by Colonel Fritz Nebel in 1918. The key for this algorithm is a six-by-six square of letters, used to encode a 36-letter alphabet. The Playfair Cipher - invented in 1854 by Charles Wheatstone. The Playfair cipher uses a five-by-five table containing a keyword or key phrase. Breaking the Vigenère Cipher - In 1863, Friedrich Kasiski was the first person to publish a successful general attack on the Vigenère Cipher The Vigenère Cipher - This is perhaps the most widely known multi-alphabet substitution cipher. invented in 1553 by Giovan Battista Bellaso. Uses a series of different Caesar ciphers based on the letters of a keyword. The Cipher Disk - The cipher disk was invented by Leon Alberti in 1466. each time you turned the disk, you used a new cipher. It was literally a disk you turned to encrypt plaintext. Multi-Alphabet Substitution - Use of multiple substitution alphabets. Example:Cipher Disk, Vigenere Cipher, Enigma MachineScytale - This was a cylinder tool used by the Greeks, and is often specifically attributed to the Spartans. Physical cylinder that was used to encrypt messages. ROT13 Cipher - It is essentially the Caesar cipher always using a rotation or shift of 13 characters. The ATBASH Cipher - Hebrew scribes copying religious texts used this cipher. substitutes the first letter of the alphabet for the last, and the second letter for the second-to-the-last, etc. The Caesar Cipher - You can choose to shift any number of letters, either left or right. If you choose to shift two to the right, that would be a +2; if you choose to shift four to the left, that would be a -4. Mono-Alphabet Substitution - These algorithms simply substitute one character of cipher text for each character of plain text. Examples: Atbash Cipher, Caesar Cipher, Rot13 Symmetric Cryptography - It is simply any algorithm where the key used to decrypt a message is the same key used to encrypt.