Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers

Describe RSV Correct Answer highly contagious respiratory infection Affects almost all children before age 2 Asymptomatic or presents as simple cold in individuals older than age 2 May have repeated RSV infections throughout lifespan Symptoms tend to be less severe with repeated exposures Pathophysiology of RSV Correct Answer RSV infects squamous epithelial cells of bronchioles, alveoli Infected cells merge with adjacent cells, forming syncytia that burst and die -- Resulting debris clogs minute airways Cycle repeated throughout both lungs Airways only partially obstructed Allow air in Expulsion of air hindered by mucus and/or airway swelling Wheezing, crackles in airways Rhinorrhea, atelectasis, hypoxemia May lead to apnea, pulmonary edema RSV is the primary cause of? Correct Answer Respiratory Infections among children and older adults What standard precautions does RSV require Correct Answer Direct precaution - gown and gloves Risk Factors Correct Answer Not being breastfed Secondhand smoke exposure Attend child care Live in crowded conditions Socioeconomically disadvantaged Prematurity Chronic lung disease Acyanotic congenital heart disease Reduced immunity Children 2 years of age, older adults have higher risk for complications Prevention Correct Answer - Good hand hygiene - RSV can survive on hard surfaces for several hours - Medication: palivizumab for infants at high risk for serious RSV infections, complications Not effective in treatment of acute RSV infection Not recommended for use in general prevention of healthcare-associated RSV infection