A&P 1 Exams 1,2,3,&4
Tissue >>> This is defined as a group of cells that work together to perform a particular function
metabolism >>> This is the sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body
homeostasis >>> This is the condition of equilibrium (balance) in the body's internal environment
interstitial fluid >>> The composition of this body fluid, which fills the narrow spaces between cells and
tissues, directly affects the proper functioning of cells
child birth >>> A condition NOT regulated by a negative feedback loop would be
chemical--cellular--tissue--organ--organ system--organism >>> Which of the following correctly list the
levels of structural organization in the human body from largest to smallest?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen >>> What are the four major elements found in the chemicals
that comprise the human body?
atomic number >>> The number of protons in an atom is represented by an element's
electrolyte >>> A chemical that can conduct electrical current when dissolved in water is called a(n)
covalent >>> This type of chemical bond involves the sharing of valence electrons between two atoms
hydrogen >>> This relatively weak type of bond helps stabilize the three dimensional structure of large
molecules like proteins and DNA
Valence electrons >>> A chemical reaction involves interactions between the ___________ of two
different atoms
endergonic >>> This type of chemical reaction will absorb more energy than it releases
lower the activation energy needed to start the reaction >>> An enzyme acts to
acidic >>> A solution with a pH value less than 7 is
acid >>> Which of the following is a proton donor?
triglyceride >>> This type of lipid is the body's primary long-term energy storage molecule
a sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds >>> The primary structure of a protein consists of
denaturation >>> Frying an egg causes the clear runny part of the egg to turn white. This process is
called
, six >>> A triple covalent bond is formed between atoms sharing ______________ valence electrons
partial negative charge >>> In a polar covalent bond, the atom that has the most electronegativity will
have a
activation energy >>> The initial energy "investment" needed to start a chemical reaction in a cell is
called the
receptors >>> Which of the following types of membrane proteins function by recognizing and binding
to hormones and neurotransmitters?
selectively permeable >>> Plasma membranes are _____________, which means that some chemicals
move easily through plasma membrane while other chemicals do not.
amount of ATP available >>> Which of the following does NOT influence the rate of diffusion of a
chemical across a plasma membrane?
simple diffusion >>> This is the transport process by which gases like O2 and CO2 move through a
membrane
facilitated diffusion >>> In this type of transport process, a solute (e.g. glucose) binds to a specific
carrier protein on one side of the membrane. This binding induces a conformational change in the
carrier protein that results in the solute moving down its gradient to the other side of the membrane.
primary active transport >>> In this transport process, the energy from hydrolysis of ATP is used to
drive substances across the membrane against their own concentration gradients.
into the cell >>> If the solute concentration is greater inside the cell than outside the cell, water will
move by osmosis
secondary active transport >>> What transport process uses the energy stored in a Na+ or H+
concentration gradient to drive other substances across the membrane against their own concentration
gradients?
generate ATP >>> The major function of mitochondria is to
tRNA >>> This structure binds to an amino acid and holds it in place on a ribosome until it is
incorporated into a polypeptide chain during translation
introns >>> This portion of a DNA segment does not code for a protein
cytokinesis >>> This process is division of the cytoplasm
prophase >>> During this phase of cell division, the chromatin fibers condense and shorten into
chromosomes that are visible under the microscope
production of new cells >>> The overall function of mitosis is
Tissue >>> This is defined as a group of cells that work together to perform a particular function
metabolism >>> This is the sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body
homeostasis >>> This is the condition of equilibrium (balance) in the body's internal environment
interstitial fluid >>> The composition of this body fluid, which fills the narrow spaces between cells and
tissues, directly affects the proper functioning of cells
child birth >>> A condition NOT regulated by a negative feedback loop would be
chemical--cellular--tissue--organ--organ system--organism >>> Which of the following correctly list the
levels of structural organization in the human body from largest to smallest?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen >>> What are the four major elements found in the chemicals
that comprise the human body?
atomic number >>> The number of protons in an atom is represented by an element's
electrolyte >>> A chemical that can conduct electrical current when dissolved in water is called a(n)
covalent >>> This type of chemical bond involves the sharing of valence electrons between two atoms
hydrogen >>> This relatively weak type of bond helps stabilize the three dimensional structure of large
molecules like proteins and DNA
Valence electrons >>> A chemical reaction involves interactions between the ___________ of two
different atoms
endergonic >>> This type of chemical reaction will absorb more energy than it releases
lower the activation energy needed to start the reaction >>> An enzyme acts to
acidic >>> A solution with a pH value less than 7 is
acid >>> Which of the following is a proton donor?
triglyceride >>> This type of lipid is the body's primary long-term energy storage molecule
a sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds >>> The primary structure of a protein consists of
denaturation >>> Frying an egg causes the clear runny part of the egg to turn white. This process is
called
, six >>> A triple covalent bond is formed between atoms sharing ______________ valence electrons
partial negative charge >>> In a polar covalent bond, the atom that has the most electronegativity will
have a
activation energy >>> The initial energy "investment" needed to start a chemical reaction in a cell is
called the
receptors >>> Which of the following types of membrane proteins function by recognizing and binding
to hormones and neurotransmitters?
selectively permeable >>> Plasma membranes are _____________, which means that some chemicals
move easily through plasma membrane while other chemicals do not.
amount of ATP available >>> Which of the following does NOT influence the rate of diffusion of a
chemical across a plasma membrane?
simple diffusion >>> This is the transport process by which gases like O2 and CO2 move through a
membrane
facilitated diffusion >>> In this type of transport process, a solute (e.g. glucose) binds to a specific
carrier protein on one side of the membrane. This binding induces a conformational change in the
carrier protein that results in the solute moving down its gradient to the other side of the membrane.
primary active transport >>> In this transport process, the energy from hydrolysis of ATP is used to
drive substances across the membrane against their own concentration gradients.
into the cell >>> If the solute concentration is greater inside the cell than outside the cell, water will
move by osmosis
secondary active transport >>> What transport process uses the energy stored in a Na+ or H+
concentration gradient to drive other substances across the membrane against their own concentration
gradients?
generate ATP >>> The major function of mitochondria is to
tRNA >>> This structure binds to an amino acid and holds it in place on a ribosome until it is
incorporated into a polypeptide chain during translation
introns >>> This portion of a DNA segment does not code for a protein
cytokinesis >>> This process is division of the cytoplasm
prophase >>> During this phase of cell division, the chromatin fibers condense and shorten into
chromosomes that are visible under the microscope
production of new cells >>> The overall function of mitosis is
