EMT Final Exam| 112 questions with verified correct answers.

You arrive at the home of a 50-year-old female with severe epistaxis. As you are treating her, it is MOST important to recall that: A. The patient may be significantly hypertensive. B. The patient is at risk for vomiting and aspiration C. A detailed exam is needed to determine the cause Answer is B. The patient is at risk for vomiting and aspersion You respond to a young female who was sexually assaulted. The patient is conscious but confused. The last thing she remembers was drinking beer at a club with her friends the night before. When she awoke, she was in the bed of the motel room. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient A. is acutely intoxicated. B. is a heroin abuser. C. is abusing marijuana. D. was given flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) Answer is D. was given flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) The components of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) are: A. appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation. B. activity, RR quality, and LOC C. skin condition, RR, and LOC Answer is A, appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation. Which of the following is a unique function of the emergency dispatcher, EMD A. providing callers with life-saving instructions B. obtaining patient info from the caller C. relaying relevant info to the EMTs Answer is A, providing callers with life-saving instructions Following direct trauma to the left upper back, a 44-year-old male presents with diaphoresis and restlessness. His bp is 100/50 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 120 beats/min and weak, and his reps. are 24 breaths/min and labored. You should: Apply high flow oxygen, consider spinal precautions, and transport without delay. A 59-year-old male presents with severe vomiting and diarrhea of 3 days' duration. He is confused and diaphoretic, and his radial pulses are absent. His BP is 78/50 mm Hg. After applying 100% supplemental oxygen, you should: prepare for immediate transport. A portable oxygen cylinder should have a capacity of a minimum of ______ of oxygen. A. 1,000 L B. 750 L C. 250 L D. 500 L Answer is D, 500 L A 50-year-old male is found unconscious in his car. There were no witnesses to the event. When gathering medical history information for this patient, the EMT should: Determine if the patient has a medical alert bracelet or wallet card Which of the following statements regarding normal gas exchange in the lungs is correct? Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffused across the alveolar walls and capillaries. According to the CDC, recommended immunizations and tests include: A. 2 shot hepatitis A, vaccination series. B. TB skin test every 6 months C. t-dap booster every 10 years Answer is D, t-dap booster every 10 years. A history of pelvic inflammatory disease or tubal ligations increases a woman's risk for: An ectopic pregnancy A man finds his 59-year-old wife unconscious on the couch. He states that she takes medications for type 2 diabetes. He further tells you that his wife has been ill recently and has not eaten for the past 24 hours. Your assessment reveals that the patient is unresponsive. You should: Open and maintain her airway and assess breathing During your primary assessment of a 19-year-old unconscious male who experienced severe head trauma, you note that his respirations are rapid, irregular, and shallow. He has bloody secretions draining from his mouth and nose. You should: Suction his oropharynx for up to 15 seconds. Observations made when forming a general impression of a patient would include all of the following, Except: A. pulse strength B. race and gender C. appearance D. level of distress Answer is A pulse strength which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process? The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling. In general, medevac helicopters should be utilized when: A patient has a time-dependent injury or illness and traffic condition would cause a significant delay in definitive care. Upon arriving at the scene of a law enforcement tactical situation, you should ensure your own safety and then: Report to the incident commander for instructions According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT would require special permission from the medical director and the state EMS office in order to: Perform blood glucose monitoring After delivering your patient to the hospital, you sit down to complete the PCR. When documenting the patient's last blood pressure reading, you inadvertently write 120/60 instead of 130/70. To correct this mistake, you should: Draw a single horizontal line through the error, initial it, and write the correct data next to it. If you cannot palpate a pulse in an unresponsive patient, you should: Immediately begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) A young male was shot in the abdomen by an unknown type of gun. He is semiconscious, has shallow breathing, and is bleeding externally from the wound. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should: Assist the patient's ventilations A 4-year-old female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. Your assessment reveals that she is conscious and alert, is breathing adequately, and has skin burns around her mouth. You should: Monitor her airway and give oxygen You are ventilating a patient with a stoma; however, air is escaping from the mouth and nose. To prevent this, you should: Seal the mouth and nose. Which of the following is NOT an assessment parameter included in the Cincinnati Pre-hospital Stroke Scale? Memory A 52-year-old male presents with a fever of 102.5°F and a severe headache. As you assess him, you note the presence of multiple blisters on his face and chest, which are all identical in shape and size. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with: Smallpox Your assessment of a 23-year-old female reveals a core body temperature of 93.4°F (34°C). She is conscious, answers your questions appropriately, is shivering, and complains of nausea. Her skin is cold and pale, her muscles appear rigid, and her respirations are rapid. In addition to monitoring her ABCs, administering oxygen, and turning up the heat in the back of the ambulance, you should: place heat packs to her groin, axillae, and behind her neck; cover her with warm blankets; and avoid rough handling A patient with a head injury presents with abnormal flexion of his extremities. What numeric value should you assign to him for motor response? A. 3 B. 5 C. 4 Answer is A, 3 The proper depth of chest compressions on a 9-month-old infant is: One third to one half the diameter of the chest. A 62-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with severe respiratory distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. When you auscultate his lungs, you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and alert, is able to follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to three-word sentences at a time. You should: Apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration. Portable and mounted suction units must be powerful enough to generate a vacuum of at least ____ mm Hg when the tubing is clamped. 300 A 21-year-old male was working in an auto repair shop and sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest. According to the rule of nines, this patient has burns that cover _____ of his BSA. A. 18% B. 27% C. 36 Answer is A, 18% A 77-year-old female presents with an acute onset of altered mental status. Her son is present and advises that she has a history of hypertension, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes, and glaucoma. He further advises that she takes numerous medications and that she is normally alert. When you assess this patient, it is important to note that: which suggests a new health A. her mental status is likely the result of hypoglycemia and you should give her sugar. B. because of her age and medical history, you should suspect Alzheimer disease. C. the patient is experiencing delirious behavior, which suggests a new health problem. Answer is C. the patient is experiencing delirious behavior, which suggests a new health An injured patient is assigned a total score of 9 on the GCS. He is assigned a score of 2 for eye opening, a score of 3 for verbal response, and a score of 4 for motor response. Which of the following clinical findings is consistent with his GCS score? opens eyes in response to pain, uses inappropriate words, withdraws from pain You have assessed an unresponsive middle-aged female and determined that she is in cardiac arrest. When you apply the AED pads, you note that she has a medication patch over the same area where one of the AED pads will be placed. You should Remove the medication patch, wipe away any medication residue, and apply the AED pads. You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should: Assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed.