NYS EMT EXAM COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS

Your patient responds to your voice with incomprehensible murmurers. Using the AVPU scale, he is classifed as responsive to: Verbal stimuli Do vitals signs have to be taken on-scene in every situation? No. Vitals should be taken enroute for patients idenitified as high priority for immediate transport for definitive care . What does SAMPLE stand for? Signs and symptoms, allergies, medications, past medical history, last meal, events lead to current state. What forms of abuse are EMS providers mandated to report? Child, Spouse, and Elder Abuse must be reported on the PCR/E-PCR and verbally at transfer of care. Child abuse must also be reported according to NYS Bureau of EMS Policy #02-01. Does a PCR/E-PCR have to be completed when no patient contact is made? Yes, even for stand-bys, calls where no patients are located, cancellations, and events. What does HIPAA stand for? Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. When reporting responsiveness, EMS providers should use _______________ to avoid less clear descriptors. AVPU For a hypoglycemic patient, when is it appropriate to give oral glucose, juice, or non-diet soda? If the patient is alert enough to sit unsupported, follow commands, and drink without assistance. We have an expert-written solution to this problem! When is aspirin contraindicted for an MI patient? Recent GI bleed and known allergy. According to NYS BLS protocol, the administration of nitroglycerin for chest pain is indicated if the adult patient's BP is than _____mmHg. 120 According to NYS BLS protocol, a maximum of ____ total doses of nitroglycerin can be given without medical direction to adult chest pain patients. 3 When is it appropriate to actively rewarm frostbite in the field? The patient does not need to walk further and there will be a transport greater than 30 minutes, For a genrealized hypothermia patient, pulse checks should last at least _____ before CPR is started. 30-45 seconds If severe hypothermia is present, can defibrillation be performed? Give a mximum of three shocks, but withhold drugs. Your patient acutely developed a high grade fever, has a muffled voice, stridor, and drooling. You should suspect: Epiglottitis (bacterial) Your patient has been ill for the last few days with coldlike symptoms, a barky cough, and a low grade fever. He woke at 3:00am with severe symptoms. You suspect: Croup (viral) Ideally, a BVM used for emergency situations should: Be self-inflating, have no a pop-off valve, and have an anatomically shaped, clear mask. List signs of respiratory failure in children: Increased respiratory effort with retractions, breathing less than 10 per minute, head bobbing, grunting, accessory muscle use, absent or shallow chest wall movement, limp muscle tone, altered mental status, slow or absent heart rate, poor skin perfusion, and altered mental status. Signs of impending cardiac arrest in a pediatric patient are: Altered mental status, bradycardia, and cyanosis. For a heat exhaustion patient, when is it appropriate to give fluids orally? Consious and not nauseated, and able to drink without assistance. What position should a nauseated patient be transported in? left lateral recumbent. If your choking patient becomes unconsious, you should: Begin CPR Your pediatric patient choked on a small toy piece. He is conscious and crying, but has labored breathing and stridor. You should: Monitor closely and transport in the position of comfort with blowby oxygen administration as tolerated. For a patient who has ingested a poison, you should contact: Medical Direction (Poison Control can not give treatment orders to EMS providers.) Before an advanced airway is placed, during CPR the adult patient should be ventilated every ____-____ seconds to a rate of _____-_____ breaths per minute. 5-6 seconds (10-12 bpm) After an advanced airway is placed, the adult patient should be ventilated every ____-____ seconds to a rate of _____ - _____ breaths per minute. 6-8 seconds (8-10 bpm) During rescue breathing, each breath should be given over: 1 second. The primary advantage of a nasopharyngeal airway is: that it can be used in a patient who has an intact gag reflex. BVM's must have a volume of at least _____mL for newborns and infants. 500 (Child BVM) For infants and children, ventilations should be delivered every ____-____ seconds once an advanced airway is in place. 2-3 (20-30 breaths per minute) When an advanced airway is in place you should not pause compressions for ventilations. True or False True Which should occur first: Turn on the AED or Attach the AED patches Turn on the AED For EMT's, a maximum of ___ defibrillations should occur before beginning transport. 3 You are at a local elementary school at an event, off duty, when a child collapses in sudden cardiac arrest. An AED is available, but it does not have pediatric patches, you should: Ensure quality CPR and use the adult patches to assess for a shockable rhythm. We have an expert-written solution to this problem! The time goal for recognition of stroke symptoms until time of arrival at a stroke center is ____ hours. 3.5 Skin exposed to chemicals should be flushed for at least ____ minutes. 20