ATI TEAS 7 STUDY GUIDE TEST EXAM (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS) A+GRADED 2023/2024

ATI TEAS 7 STUDY GUIDE TEST EXAM (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS) A+GRADED 2023/2024 What does the respiratory system do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Brings in oxygen to go into the cells, and picks up carbon dioxide to be removed from the bodyguard What are the 7 parts of the respiratory system? - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Nose 2. Pharynx 3. Larynx (voice box) 4. Trachea (windpipe) 5. Bronchi 6. Bronchioles 7. Alveoli What are alveoli surrounded by to allow the exchange of O2 and CO2? - CORRECT ANSWER-Capillaries What is cilia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Tiny hairs in the nose and trachea that wave particles up away and out What is mucus? - CORRECT ANSWER-Something that keeps the air warm and moist but also traps particles How many alveoli does each lung have? - CORRECT ANSWER-150 million What does hemoglobin do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Carries oxygen through the blood What is pleura? - CORRECT ANSWER-Sacs that surround the lungs What is the diaphragm? - CORRECT ANSWER-The muscle at the bottom of the thoracic cavity What happens during inhalation? - CORRECT ANSWER-Diaphragm moves down (contracts), rib cage rises, volume of chest cavity increases, air moves in to fill the space What happens during exhalation? - CORRECT ANSWER-Diaphragm moves up (relaxes), rib cage lowers, space becomes smaller, air is pushed out of lungs What does the medulla oblongata do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Controls breathing What is chronic bronchitis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bronchi swell and become clogged with mucus What is emphysema? - CORRECT ANSWER-Tissues in lungs lose elasticity; tissues can't enough O2 or get rid of enough CO2 What is lung cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER-Cells that do not stop reproducing; can spread to other locations because lungs are so central and connected to so much; survival is generally less then 5 years from diagnosis What is heart disease? - CORRECT ANSWER-Blood vessels are constricted, blood pressure rises, heart has to work harder, heart wears out more quickly What is cystic fibrosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Genetic (recessive); lungs can get clogged with mucous What is mesothelioma? - CORRECT ANSWER-Lungs become exposed to asbestos and lose elasticity What is elastic recoil? - CORRECT ANSWER-The ability for the alveoli to get filled with air then return to their normal shape once the air is released What is a spirometer? - CORRECT ANSWER-an instrument for measuring the air capacity of the lungs What is tidal volume? - CORRECT ANSWER-The amount of air taken in and breathed out in a typical breath What is supplemental volume? - CORRECT ANSWER-The xtra air that can be inhaled or exhaled with a deep breath What is reserve amount? - CORRECT ANSWER-The amount of extra air you can breathe out when you force air out of your lungs What is residual amount? - CORRECT ANSWER-The amount of air in your lungs that you cannot get rid of (even during forced exhaling) What is vital capacity? - CORRECT ANSWER-All the air you can control going in or out of your lungs (supplemental + reserve = vital) What is total capacity? - CORRECT ANSWER-From the top of your supplemental amount to the bottom of your residual volume Main idea - CORRECT ANSWER-the most important or central thought of a paragraph or larger section of text, which tells the reader what the text is about Topic - CORRECT ANSWER-a particular issue or idea that serves as the subject of a paragraph, essay, report, or speech -topic is the general subject of a paragraph -Topics are simple and are described with just a word or a phrase. -main idea is a complete sentence; it includes the topic - CORRECT ANSWER-What's the difference between a topic and main idea? Key ideas - CORRECT ANSWER-Ideas that support controlling idea Controlling idea - CORRECT ANSWER--your opinion about the topic. - It helps the reader understand your purpose for writing the paragraph or essay Conclusion - CORRECT ANSWER-A deduction made by the reader about an unstated outcome from reading passage Inference - CORRECT ANSWER-A conclusion one can draw from the presented details. anatomical position - CORRECT ANSWER-a standard position in which the body is facing forward, the feet are parallel to each other, and the arms are at the sides with the palms facing forward Cells - CORRECT ANSWER-The basic unit of structure and function in all living things Cellular functions - CORRECT ANSWER-Processes that include growth, metabolism, replication, protein synthesis, and movement Directional terminology - CORRECT ANSWER-Words used to explain relationships of locations of anatomical elements (distal, posterior, medial, etc.) organ system - CORRECT ANSWER-A group of organs that work together in performing vital body functions. Organelle - CORRECT ANSWER-specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell Organ - CORRECT ANSWER-A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body Reference Planes - CORRECT ANSWER-Planes dividing the body to describe locations (ex: sagittal, coronal, and transverse) Tissue - CORRECT ANSWER-A group of similar cells that perform a specific function. Eukaryotic cells - CORRECT ANSWER-Contain a nucleus and other organelles that are bound by membranes. prokaryotic cell - CORRECT ANSWER-cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles. (Bacteria) Ribosome - CORRECT ANSWER-site of protein synthesis Nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER-A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction Nucleolus - CORRECT ANSWER-Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes Cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER-A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended Gogli Apparatus - CORRECT ANSWER-organelle in cells that modifies, sorts, and packages prooteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell Vacuole - CORRECT ANSWER-A sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER-creates lipids or fat Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER-An endomembrane system covered with ribosomes where many proteins for transport are assembled. Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER-Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production DNA - CORRECT ANSWER-A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes. RNA - CORRECT ANSWER-A single-stranded nucleic acid that passes along genetic messages Mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER-part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides -four-stage process that creates two identical cells from one original cell. ATP - CORRECT ANSWER-(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER-cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cel